Be\u00fdik \u00dd\u00fcpek \u00fdoly Hyta\u00fdy Alynky Azi\u00fda we \u00ddewropa bilen baglany\u015fdyr\u00fdan s\u00f6wda
\nkerwen \u00fdoluny\u0148 adydyr. Bu s\u00f6wda \u00fdoluny\u0148 ba\u015flanmagy Hyta\u00fd t\u00e4jiri, sy\u00fdahat\u00e7ysy
\nwe k\u00f6\u015fk gora\u00fdjy ofiseri \u00c7\u017ean Sz\u00fdany\u0148 ady bilen baglany\u015fyklydyr. Ol b. e. \u00f6\u0148ki II
\nasyrda Merkezi Azi\u00fda \u00fdurtlaryna sy\u00fdahat edipdir.
\n\u00dd\u00fcpek \u00fdoly Hyta\u00fdy\u0148 Han imperi\u00fdasyny\u0148 pa\u00fdtagty Lo\u00fdan \u015f\u00e4herinden
\nba\u015flanypdyr. Hyta\u00fd t\u00e4jirlerini\u0148 esasy harytlary \u00fd\u00fcpek bolupdyr. \u015eol d\u00f6w\u00fcrde bu
\nt\u00e4sin matany\u0148 ta\u00fd\u00fdarlany\u015f syrlary ba\u015fga \u00fdurtlara m\u00e4lim d\u00e4ldi. Be\u00fdik \u00dd\u00fcpek \u00fdoly
\ndi\u00fdilmegini\u0148 esasy seb\u00e4bi hem \u015fonu\u0148 \u00fc\u00e7indir. Hyta\u00fdy\u0148 harytlary di\u0148e \u00fd\u00fcpek
\nmatadan durman, e\u00fdsem \u00e7a\u00fd, farfor, lak, kagyz \u00f6n\u00fcmleri hem getirilipdir. Bu \u00fdol
\n\u00fdurtlary\u0148 we halklary\u0148 aja\u00fdyp medeni\u00fdetini (siwilizasi\u00fdasyny) ba\u00fdla\u015fdyrmaga
\n\u00fdardam edipdir. \u00dd\u00fcpek \u00fdolundan di\u0148e s\u00f6wdag\u00e4r t\u00e4jirler d\u00e4l, e\u00fdsem sy\u00fdahat\u00e7ylar,
\nil\u00e7iler, zy\u00fdarat\u00e7ylar d\u00fcrli \u00fdurtlara ugur alypdyrlar. \u00d6z gezeginde Merkezi Azi\u00fda
\ns\u00f6wdag\u00e4rleri hem Hyta\u00fda d\u00fcrli re\u0148kli \u00e7\u00fc\u00fd\u015fe gaplaryny, gymmatbahaly da\u015flary,
\nbezeg \u015fa\u00fd-seplerini, haly-palas, \u00fdyndam atlary, \u00fdorunja tohumyny, pagta \u00e7igidini,
\nki\u015fmi\u015f we be\u00fdleki \u00f6n\u00fcmleri ugradypdyrlar.
\nKerwenler Lo\u00fdandan ugrap Dunhuana gelenlerinde, \u00fdol ik\u00e4 a\u00fdryl\u00fdar.
\nG\u00fcnortadaky \u00fdol Hotan, \u00ddarkent, Balh \u015f\u00e4herlerini\u0148 \u00fcsti bilen Ka\u015fgara, so\u0148ra
\nSamarkanda, Merwe gelipdir. Kerwenler \u00fd\u00fck \u00fdazdyryp, dyn\u00e7 alar \u00fdaly belli bir
\naralykda kerwensara\u00fdlar bolupdyr. Kerwen \u00fdollary Merwden G\u00fcnbatara Ni\u015fapury\u0148
\n\u00fcsti bilen Siri\u00fda arala\u015fypdyrlar. Musulman d\u00fcn\u00fd\u00e4sini\u0148 i\u0148 uly \u015f\u00e4herlerini\u0148 biri
\nBagdada barypdyr.
\nMerkezi Azi\u00fdany\u0148 bazarly uly \u015f\u00e4herleri Horezmde, Samarkantda, Buharada,
\nAmulda, Merwde bolupdyr. Harytlary g\u00e4milere \u00fd\u00fckl\u00e4p, M\u00fcs\u00fcre, Wizanti\u00fda, Itali\u00fda
\nwe Orta\u00fder de\u0148zi \u00fdurtlaryna \u00fdetiripdirler. Be\u00fdik \u00dd\u00fcpek \u00fdoluny\u0148 k\u00f6p \u015fahalary
\nbolupdyr. \u015eolary\u0148 \u00fcsti bilen Hyta\u00fdy\u0148, Hindistany\u0148 we Merkezi Azi\u00fdany\u0148 harytlary
\nKi\u00fdew, Nowgorod, Moskwa \u00fdaly gadymy rus \u015f\u00e4herlerine hem \u00fdetipdir. Be\u00fdik
\n\u00dd\u00fcpek \u00fdolunda agalygy elde saklamak \u00fc\u00e7in Parfi\u00fda d\u00f6wleti bilen Rim
\nimperi\u00fdasyny\u0148 arasynda \u00fditi g\u00f6re\u015fler bolupdyr. V \u2013 VI asyrlarda bu s\u00f6wda \u00fdolunda
\nSasanylar, VII asyrdan ba\u015flap Arap halyflygyny\u0148 agalygy h\u00f6k\u00fcm s\u00fcr\u00fcpdir. XI \u2013
\nXII asyrlarda Be\u00fdik \u00fd\u00fcpek \u00fdoly Seljuklar we Horezm\u015falar d\u00f6wletini\u0148 elinde
\nbolupdyr. XIII asyry\u0148 ba\u015fynda mongollary\u0148 basybalyjylykly \u00fd\u00f6ri\u015fleri netijesinde
\nBe\u00fdik \u00fd\u00fcpek \u00fdoluny\u0148 ugrundaky \u00fdurtlary\u0148 we \u015f\u00e4herleri\u0148 k\u00f6p\u00fcsi we\u00fdran bol\u00fdar.
\nS\u00f6wda kerwenlerini\u0148 gelmesi uzak \u00fdyllar kesilipdir.<\/p>\n
D\u00f6wletmyrat Tejenow,<\/strong><\/em> <\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":" Be\u00fdik \u00dd\u00fcpek \u00fdoly Hyta\u00fdy Alynky Azi\u00fda we \u00ddewropa bilen baglany\u015fdyr\u00fdan s\u00f6wda kerwen \u00fdoluny\u0148 adydyr. Bu s\u00f6wda \u00fdoluny\u0148 ba\u015flanmagy Hyta\u00fd t\u00e4jiri, sy\u00fdahat\u00e7ysy we k\u00f6\u015fk gora\u00fdjy ofiseri \u00c7\u017ean Sz\u00fdany\u0148 ady bilen baglany\u015fyklydyr. Ol b. e. \u00f6\u0148ki II asyrda Merkezi Azi\u00fda \u00fdurtlaryna sy\u00fdahat edipdir. \u00dd\u00fcpek \u00fdoly Hyta\u00fdy\u0148 Han imperi\u00fdasyny\u0148 pa\u00fdtagty Lo\u00fdan \u015f\u00e4herinden ba\u015flanypdyr. Hyta\u00fd t\u00e4jirlerini\u0148 esasy harytlary \u00fd\u00fcpek […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":3,"featured_media":11708,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[10],"tags":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/newsashgabat.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/11707"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/newsashgabat.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/newsashgabat.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/newsashgabat.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/3"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/newsashgabat.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=11707"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/newsashgabat.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/11707\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":11709,"href":"https:\/\/newsashgabat.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/11707\/revisions\/11709"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/newsashgabat.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/media\/11708"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/newsashgabat.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=11707"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/newsashgabat.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=11707"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/newsashgabat.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=11707"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}
\nT\u00fcrkmen d\u00f6wlet ykdysady\u00fdet we<\/strong><\/em>
\ndolandyry\u015f intitutyny\u0148 2-nji \u00fdyl talyby.<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n