{"id":12835,"date":"2021-12-30T21:41:46","date_gmt":"2021-12-30T16:41:46","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/newashgabat.com\/?p=12835"},"modified":"2021-12-30T21:41:46","modified_gmt":"2021-12-30T16:41:46","slug":"ynsanperwerlik-bilimin-idealy-hokmunde","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/newsashgabat.com\/?p=12835","title":{"rendered":"Ynsanperwerlik bilimi\u0148 idealy h\u00f6km\u00fcnde"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>T\u00fcrkmenistany\u0148 hormatly Prezidenti Gurbanguly Berdimuhamedowy\u0148 umumadamzat gymmatlyklaryndan ugur al\u00fdan we t\u00fcrkmen halkyny\u0148 milli medeni\u00fdetini\u0148 esasy gymmatlyklaryna da\u00fdan\u00fdan a\u0148y\u00fdet taglymaty hem nazary nusga, hem milli we umumadamzat gymmatlyklaryny\u0148 sazla\u015fygyny\u0148 amala a\u015fyryly\u015fyny\u0148 amaly guraly h\u00f6km\u00fcnde d\u00f6wletimizi\u0148 bilim ulgamyny\u0148 i\u015fini d\u00f6wr\u00fc\u0148 talabyna la\u00fdyk k\u00e4mil derejede alyp barmakda \u00f6r\u00e4n wajyp \u00e4hmi\u00fdete e\u00fdedir. Berkarar d\u00f6wletimizi\u0148 bagty\u00fdarlyk d\u00f6wr\u00fcnde \u00fdurdumyzda sagdyn pikirli k\u00e4mil \u015fahsy\u00fdeti kemala getirmek milli we umumadamzat gymmatlyklaryny\u0148 sazla\u015fygyny\u0148 esasynda amala a\u015fyryl\u00fdar. \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0T\u00fcrkmenistany\u0148 hormatly Prezidenti Gurbanguly Berdimuhamedowy\u0148 \u201cBilim \u2013 bagty\u00fdarlyk, ruhubelentlik, rowa\u00e7lyk\u201d atly kitabynda bizi\u0148 \u00fdokarda a\u00fddan pikirimiz \u015fe\u00fdle teswirlenil\u00fd\u00e4r: \u201cDana pederlerimizi\u0148 aryrlary\u0148 dowamynda s\u00fcnn\u00e4l\u00e4n a\u0148-d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnje, ruhy-ahlak, d\u00fcn\u00fd\u00e4gara\u00fdy\u015f, pelsepe gymmatlyklaryny \u00f6z\u00fcnde jemle\u00fd\u00e4n milli bilim ulgamymyz d\u00fcn\u00fd\u00e4ni\u0148 ylym-bilim ulgamy bilen sazla\u015fykly \u00f6sd\u00fcrilmelidir\u201d.<a href=\"#_ftn1\" name=\"_ftnref1\">[1]<\/a><\/p>\n<p>Sazla\u015fykly \u00f6sd\u00fcril\u00fd\u00e4n milli bilim ulgamyny\u0148 gazananlaryny\u0148 netijesinde hem k\u00e4mil \u015fahsy\u00fdeti kemala getirmek i\u015fi \u00fcst\u00fcnlikli amala a\u015fyryl\u00fdar. Bu derwa\u00fdys wezip\u00e4ni\u0148 amal edilmegini\u0148 \u00fdolunda ilkinji zerurlyk \u00fda\u015flary\u0148 ynsanperwer adamlar bolup \u00fdeti\u015fmeklerini gazanmakdyr.<\/p>\n<p>Milli we umumadamzat gymmatlyklaryny\u0148 sazla\u015fygy bilen ba\u00fdla\u015fan h\u00e4zirki zaman mekdebini\u0148 borjy hem ynsanperwerlik wezipesini \u00fderine \u00fdetirmekdir.<\/p>\n<p>Ekzistensializm, neotomizm, pozitiwizm, neopozitiwizm, pragmatizm we be\u00fdleki birn\u00e4\u00e7e filosofik ugurlar h\u00e4zirki zaman d\u00fcn\u00fd\u00e4sinde \u015fahsy\u00fdeti\u0148 deformirlen\u00fd\u00e4ndigini habar ber\u00fd\u00e4rler. Bizi\u0148 pikirimiz\u00e7e, d\u00fcrli filosofik ugurlary\u0148 seljermesini ge\u00e7irmek bilim prosesinde \u015fahsy\u00fdeti\u0148 kemala geli\u015f meselesine toplumla\u00fdyn \u00e7emele\u015fm\u00e4ni i\u015fl\u00e4p ta\u00fd\u00fdarlamaklyga \u00fdardam ed\u00fd\u00e4r. Bu babatda \u015fahsy\u00fdeti\u0148 bitewilik h\u00f6km\u00fcnde \u00f6s\u00fc\u015finde a\u00fdry-a\u00fdry d\u00fcz\u00fcm birliklerini\u0148 we prosesleri\u0148 go\u015fandyny anyklamak wajypdyr.<\/p>\n<p>XX asyry\u0148 ba\u015fynda d\u00f6r\u00e4n ekzistensializm ozaly bilen adamy\u0148 d\u00fcn\u00fd\u00e4de \u00f6z durmu\u015fyny t\u00e4zeden ba\u015fdan ge\u00e7irmegi baradaky pikiri \u00f6\u0148e s\u00fcr\u00fd\u00e4r. Filosofi\u00fdany\u0148 bu ugruny\u0148 wekilleri \u201cMen\u201d d\u00fcn\u00fd\u00e4sini\u0148 girdabyna d\u00fc\u015fen adamy\u0148 \u00f6z \u015fahsy durmu\u015fyny \u00f6\u0148de go\u00fd\u00fdandygyny nygta\u00fdarlar. Bu filosofi\u00fda \u00fc\u00e7in ob\u00fdektiw d\u00fcn\u00fd\u00e4 di\u0148e sub\u00fdekti\u0148 durmu\u015fyny\u0148 \u00e7\u00e4ginde \u00fderle\u015f\u00fd\u00e4r. Ekzistensialistler ob\u00fdektiw bilimi\u0148 we ob\u00fdektiw hakykaty\u0148 barlygyna \u015f\u00fcbhelen\u00fd\u00e4rler. Bu ugru\u0148 filosoflary indiwid \u00f6z-\u00f6z\u00fcni d\u00f6retmelidir di\u00fdip hasapla\u00fdarlar. Bu a\u00fddylanlardan \u00e7en tutsak, onda bilimi\u0148 maksady \u00e7agalara \u00f6z\u00fcni \u015fahsy\u00fdet h\u00f6km\u00fcnde d\u00f6retmegi \u00f6wretmekden, olary \u00f6z-\u00f6z\u00fcni d\u00f6reder \u00fdaly okatmakdan ybaratdyr. \u00c7aga zatlary\u0148 we hadysalary\u0148 manysyny \u00f6z\u00fc\u00e7e anykla\u00fdar. Di\u00fdmek, bu \u00fderde a\u0148 d\u00e4l-de, du\u00fdgular, arzuw-hy\u00fdallardyr ynam esasy orny e\u00fdele\u00fd\u00e4r.<\/p>\n<p>Neotomizmi\u0148 wekillerini\u0148 i\u015flerinde ahlak esaslaryny\u0148 pese d\u00fc\u015fmegi, jena\u00fdat\u00e7ylygy\u0148, zalymlygy\u0148, ne\u015feke\u015fligi\u0148 artmagy d\u00fc\u00fdpli tankytlanyl\u00fdar. Neotomistler bilim ulgamyny a\u015fa a\u0148a da\u00fdanmakda we a\u0148 \u2013 p\u00e4hime \u00e7enli du\u00fdgyny \u00fcnsden d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcrmekde a\u00fdypla\u00fdarlar. Olary\u0148 pikirine g\u00f6r\u00e4, \u015fe\u00fdle du\u00fdgyny\u0148 esasynda s\u00f6\u00fdgini\u0148, bagty\u0148, erkinligi\u0148 we durmu\u015f manysyny\u0148 \u00e7e\u015fmeleri \u00fdatyr. \u00c7\u00fcnki, okuw we terbi\u00fde ulgamy a\u0148-p\u00e4hime \u00e7enli ymtyly\u015fy \u00f6sd\u00fcrm\u00e4ge nazarlanmalydyr.<\/p>\n<p>Bu terbi\u00fde \u00f6r\u00e4n \u00e7yl\u015fyrymly meseleleri\u0148 biridir. Ol adam \u00f6s\u00fc\u015fini\u0148 tebigy \u00f6n\u00fcmidir. Aslynda, ruhy ta\u00fddan sagdyn \u015fahsy\u00fdeti terbi\u00fdelemek i\u015fi \u00f6s\u00fc\u015f \u00fdolundaky adamda ahlak gymmatlyklaryny d\u00f6retmekden ba\u015flanmalydyr.<\/p>\n<p>\u00d6z pikirleri\u0148i we hereketleri\u0148i turuwba\u015fdan adamlara \u00fdag\u015fylyk etmeklige g\u00f6n\u00fckdirmek, gyzmalygy we gaharja\u0148lygy basyp \u00fdatyrmak, gorkudan we \u015f\u00fcbhelilikden erkin bolmak, g\u00f6zellige we adamlara s\u00f6\u00fdgini, \u00f6z-\u00f6z\u00fc\u0148e ynamy hem-de tebigaty\u0148 bizi gur\u015fa\u00fdan adamlary\u0148 \u00f6z\u00fcnde jemle\u00fd\u00e4n d\u00f6redijilik g\u00fc\u00fdj\u00fcne ynamy terbi\u00fdel\u00e4p \u00f6sd\u00fcrmek k\u00e4mil \u015fahsy\u00fdete mahsus ahlak h\u00e4si\u00fdetlerdir. \u015ee\u00fdle \u015fahsy\u00fdet ynsaplydyr, p\u00e4k \u00fd\u00fcreklidir, dogru\u00e7yldyr, jogapk\u00e4rlidir, \u015fepagatlydyr, \u00fcnsl\u00fcdir, sypa\u00fdydyr, edeplidir, rehimlidir, du\u00fdguda\u015fdyr. \u015ee\u00fdle hem \u015fahsy\u00fdetde adalatlylyk du\u00fdgusyny, gara\u015fsyzlygy, i\u00e7ki erkinligi pedagogiki j\u00e4hetden h\u00f6weslendirmek we terbi\u00fdelemek d\u00f6wr\u00fc\u0148 \u00f6\u0148de go\u00fd\u00fdan derwa\u00fdys meselesidir.<\/p>\n<p>Eger-de filosofik akym h\u00f6km\u00fcnde pragmatizme salgylanmaly bolsak, onda biz prgamatizmi\u0148 esasy d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnjeleri bolan \u201ctejrib\u00e4ni\u0148\u201d we \u201ci\u015fi\u0148\u201d okuw prosesini\u0148 \u00f6zenini d\u00fcz\u00fd\u00e4ndigini g\u00f6r\u00fcp bileris. Bu bolsa bilimi\u0148 t\u00e4ze filosofi\u00fdasydyr. Bilimi ynsanperwerle\u015fdirmegi\u0148 geljekki wezipelerini\u0148 biri adama \u00f6wrenmegi\u0148, gatna\u015fyk saklamagy\u0148 we d\u00f6redijiligi\u0148 sub\u00fdekti h\u00f6km\u00fcnde garamakdan ybaratdyr. Bu babatda bize adamy\u0148 \u015fahsy\u00fdet h\u00f6km\u00fcnde \u00f6s\u00fc\u015fine g\u00f6n\u00fckdirilen dialogy\u0148 konstruktiwligi zerur. \u015eu \u00fdagda\u00fdda bilim medeni\u00fdeti\u0148 komponenti h\u00f6km\u00fcnde a\u00fdratyn \u00e4hmi\u00fdete e\u00fde bol\u00fdar.<\/p>\n<p>D\u00fcrli durmu\u015f \u00fdagda\u00fdlarynda adam ma\u015fgala durmu\u015fyny\u0148 medeni\u00fdetini, kommunikatiw medeni\u00fdeti, \u00fdolba\u015f\u00e7yny\u0148 \u00fda-da \u00fderine \u00fdetirijini\u0148, i\u015fg\u00e4rler toparyny\u0148 agzasyny\u0148 wezipesini \u00f6zle\u015fdir\u00fd\u00e4r. Jemgy\u00fdet bilen sazla\u015fykly gatna\u015fygyny\u0148 \u00e7\u00e4klerinde \u015fahsy\u00fdet \u00f6z watanyny\u0148 we d\u00fcn\u00fd\u00e4ni\u0148 ra\u00fdatyny\u0148 wezipelerini\u0148 h\u00f6tdesinden gel\u00fd\u00e4r. \u015eol bir wagtda onu\u0148 \u201cMen\u201d konsepsi\u00fdasy i\u015fje\u0148lik bilen emele gel\u00fd\u00e4r hem-de gymmatly manylar bilen ba\u00fdla\u015fdyryl\u00fdar. Di\u00fdmek, \u015fahsy\u00fdet belli bir adamy\u0148 jemgy\u00fdet\u00e7ilik mazmunydyr.<\/p>\n<p>Filosofik dialektikada mukdar \u00fc\u00fdtgemelerini\u0148 hil \u00fc\u00fdtgemelerine ge\u00e7i\u015f kanuny a\u00fdratyn orna e\u00fdedir. Dialektiki pedagogika \u015fahsy\u00fdeti\u0148 jemgy\u00fdet\u00e7ilik gatna\u015fyklaryny\u0148 ob\u00fdekti we sub\u00fdekti bol\u00fdanlygyndan ugur al\u00fdar. Onu\u0148 \u00f6s\u00fc\u015fi da\u015fky \u00fdagda\u00fdlar we adamy\u0148 tebigy gurama\u00e7ylyk derejesi bilen \u015fertlendirilendir. \u015eahsy\u00fdeti\u0148 \u00f6s\u00fc\u015finde terbi\u00fde wajyp orny e\u00fdele\u00fd\u00e4r. Terbi\u00fde taryhy h\u00e4si\u00fdete e\u00fde bolan \u00e7yl\u015fyrymly jemgy\u00fdet\u00e7ilik-durmu\u015fy prosesdir. Adamy\u0148 \u015fahsy\u00fdeti we i\u015fi bitewidir. \u015eahsy\u00fdet i\u015fi\u0148 dowamynda \u00fd\u00fcze \u00e7yk\u00fdar we kemala gel\u00fd\u00e4r.<\/p>\n<p>Umumadamzat medeni\u00fdetini\u0148 \u00fcst\u00fcnliklerini \u00f6zle\u015fdirmek \u00fc\u00e7in nesiller \u015fol \u00fcst\u00fcnlikleri\u0148 sakasynda duran, doly kybapda\u015f bolmasa-da birme\u0148ze\u015f i\u015fi \u00fderine \u00fdetirmelidir. \u015eonu\u0148 \u00fc\u00e7in hem bar bolan m\u00fcmkin\u00e7ilikleri\u0148 \u00e7\u00e4ginde terbi\u00fdele\u00fd\u00e4nleri \u00f6zba\u015fdak durmu\u015fa we k\u00f6ptaraply i\u015fe ugrukdyrmagy gurnamagy\u0148 \u00f6z maksady we wezipeleri bolmalydyr.<\/p>\n<p>\u015ee\u00fdlelik-de, ynsanperwerlik we \u015fahsy\u00fdet nukda\u00fdnazaryndan ugur alyp okuw prosesini gurnamaklyk \u00fda\u015flary\u0148 k\u00e4mil \u015fahsy\u00fdet bolup \u00fdeti\u015fmekleri \u00fc\u00e7in didaktiki m\u00fcmkin\u00e7ilikleri\u0148 \u00e4hlisini \u00fcpj\u00fcn etm\u00e4ge ukyplydyr.<\/p>\n<p>Bilim ulgamyny\u0148 meselelerini \u00e7\u00f6zmeklik umumylykdan takyklyk derejesine galmakdyr, onu\u0148 netijesinde nazary bilimleri we nazary pikirleni\u015fi \u00f6zle\u015fdirmekdir.<\/p>\n<p>Mekdebe \u00e7enli \u00e7agalar bilim edaralary \u00e7agalary\u0148 \u015fahsy durmu\u015f tejribesini \u00fd\u00fcze \u00e7ykarmaga, ony jemgy\u00fdet\u00e7ilik- taryhy tejrib\u00e4ni\u0148 netijeleri bilen ba\u00fdla\u015fdyryp, \u201cmedeni\u00fdetle\u015fdirm\u00e4ge\u201d \u00e7aly\u015fmalydyrlar.<\/p>\n<p>Ilkinji nobatda, mekdep bilimini\u0148 k\u00e4mil \u015fahsy\u00fdeti kemala getirmek \u00fd\u00f6relgeleri \u00e7agany\u0148 \u015fahsy\u00fdetine a\u00fdawly garamagy, onu\u0148 \u00f6zbolu\u015flylygyna hormat go\u00fdmagy, \u00e7agany\u0148 \u00f6z durmu\u015fa gara\u00fd\u015fyny\u0148, \u00f6z i\u00e7ki d\u00fcn\u00fd\u00e4sini\u0148 bardygyna d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnmegi, o\u0148a abra\u00fd we mertebe du\u00fdgularyny\u0148 mahsusdygyny, onu\u0148 aladalary k\u00fc\u00fdse\u00fd\u00e4ndigini, du\u00fdguda\u015flyga, gatna\u015fyga, s\u00f6hbetde\u015flige we goldawa m\u00e4t\u00e4\u00e7digini, pikirlenm\u00e4ge we d\u00f6retm\u00e4ge ukyplydygyny, \u00fdal\u0148y\u015flyklary go\u00fdber\u00fd\u00e4ndigini, \u00fd\u00f6ne olary d\u00fczedip bil\u00fd\u00e4ndigini, pu\u015fman edip, gowulyga ymtyl\u00fdandygyny g\u00f6z \u00f6\u0148\u00fcnde tut\u00fdar.<\/p>\n<p>Aslynda, k\u00e4mil \u015fahsy\u00fdeti kemala getirmek ide\u00fdasy gumanizme, z\u00e4hmets\u00f6\u00fderlige we \u00fder \u00fd\u00fcz\u00fcnde parahat\u00e7ylygy\u0148 dabaralanmagyna esaslan\u00fdar. \u015eu nukda\u00fdnazardan hem T\u00fcrkmenistany\u0148 hormatly Prezidenti Gurbanguly Berdimuhamedowy\u0148 di\u0148e \u00f6s\u00fc\u015fleri nazarla\u00fdan hem-de ynsanperwerlige \u00fdugrulan bilim sy\u00fdasaty p\u00e4him-pa\u00fdhasy, ylym-bilimi \u00fdaran edinen, adalatly, p\u00e4k \u00fd\u00fcrekli, dogru\u00e7yl, akylly, terbi\u00fdeli hem ynsanperwer \u015fahsy\u00fdeti kamala getirm\u00e4ge g\u00f6n\u00fckdirilendir. D\u00f6wlet sy\u00fdasatyny\u0148 m\u00f6h\u00fcm ugruna \u00f6wr\u00fclen bu i\u015fe mynasyp go\u015fant go\u015fmak bizi\u0148 mukaddes borjumyzdyr.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: right;\">\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0<em><strong>\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 T\u00fcrkmen d\u00f6wlet ykdysady\u00fdet we dolandyry\u015f institutyny\u0148 \u201cJemgy\u00fdeti \u00f6wreni\u015f ylymlary\u201d<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: right;\"><em><strong>\u00a0kafedrasyny\u0148 uly mugallymy M\u00e4hrijemal Hapyzowa\u00a0<\/strong><\/em><a href=\"#_ftnref1\" name=\"_ftn1\"><\/a><\/p>\n<p><\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>T\u00fcrkmenistany\u0148 hormatly Prezidenti Gurbanguly Berdimuhamedowy\u0148 umumadamzat gymmatlyklaryndan ugur al\u00fdan we t\u00fcrkmen halkyny\u0148 milli medeni\u00fdetini\u0148 esasy gymmatlyklaryna da\u00fdan\u00fdan a\u0148y\u00fdet taglymaty hem nazary nusga, hem milli we umumadamzat gymmatlyklaryny\u0148 sazla\u015fygyny\u0148 amala a\u015fyryly\u015fyny\u0148 amaly guraly h\u00f6km\u00fcnde d\u00f6wletimizi\u0148 bilim ulgamyny\u0148 i\u015fini d\u00f6wr\u00fc\u0148 talabyna la\u00fdyk k\u00e4mil derejede alyp barmakda \u00f6r\u00e4n wajyp \u00e4hmi\u00fdete e\u00fdedir. Berkarar d\u00f6wletimizi\u0148 bagty\u00fdarlyk d\u00f6wr\u00fcnde \u00fdurdumyzda sagdyn pikirli [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":3,"featured_media":12836,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[4,10],"tags":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/newsashgabat.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/12835"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/newsashgabat.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/newsashgabat.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/newsashgabat.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/3"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/newsashgabat.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=12835"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/newsashgabat.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/12835\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":12837,"href":"https:\/\/newsashgabat.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/12835\/revisions\/12837"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/newsashgabat.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/media\/12836"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/newsashgabat.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=12835"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/newsashgabat.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=12835"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/newsashgabat.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=12835"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}