{"id":19866,"date":"2025-09-20T16:25:39","date_gmt":"2025-09-20T11:25:39","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/newashgabat.com\/?p=19866"},"modified":"2025-09-20T16:25:47","modified_gmt":"2025-09-20T11:25:47","slug":"bal-ary-hem-de-miweli-bag","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/newsashgabat.com\/?p=19866","title":{"rendered":"Bal ary hem-de miweli bag"},"content":{"rendered":"

Miweli baglar bilen tozanlandyryjy m\u00f6r-m\u00f6jekler m\u00fc\u0148ler\u00e7e \u00fdyly\u0148 dowamynda arabaglany\u015fykda \u00fda\u015fa\u015fyp gel\u00fd\u00e4r. \u015eolary\u0148 i\u00e7inde bal ber\u00fd\u00e4n arylar m\u00f6h\u00fcm orunda dur\u00fdar. G\u00fcller re\u0148klerini\u0148 owadanlygy, a\u00e7yklygy hem-de n\u00e4zikligi bilen tapawutlan\u00fdar. Oba hojalygyny\u0148 \u00f6sd\u00fcrilmegi, tozanlandyryl\u00fdan medeni \u00f6s\u00fcmlikleri\u0148 me\u00fddanyny\u0148 artdyrylmagy bal ber\u00fd\u00e4n arylary\u0148 roluny \u00fdokarlandyrdy. Adamlar olary a\u00fdry-a\u00fdry sebitlerde k\u00f6peldip ba\u015flady. Bal arylary miweli baglary\u00a0 tozanlandyr\u00fdan esasy jandara \u00f6wr\u00fcldi. Be\u00fdleki m\u00f6r-m\u00f6jekler z\u00e4herli himikatlary\u0148 ulanylmagy bilen me\u00fddanlardan \u00fdok bolup gitdi. Eger balarylary \u00fder \u00fd\u00fcz\u00fcnden \u00fdok bola\u00fdsa \u00fd\u00fczler\u00e7e m\u00fc\u0148 gektarda me\u00fddandan hi\u00e7 hili\u00a0 hasyl alyp bolmazdy.<\/p>\n

Nektar \u00fdygnamak \u00fc\u00e7in ary her g\u00fcnde 10 gezek u\u00e7u\u015f ed\u00fd\u00e4r, her u\u00e7u\u015fda-da \u00fd\u00fczler\u00e7e g\u00fcl\u00fc\u0148 \u00fcst\u00fcne gonup, \u015fire \u00fdygna\u00fdar. 100 gram bal \u00fdygnamak \u00fc\u00e7in 1000 ary ir ertirden gi\u00e7 ag\u015fama \u00e7enli z\u00e4met \u00e7ek\u00fd\u00e4r. Indi bir ary ma\u015fgalasyny\u0148 birn\u00e4\u00e7e \u00fderi tozanlandyr\u00fdandygyny hasaplasak, onda d\u00fcn\u00fd\u00e4 arylaryny\u0148 b\u00fctin \u00fder \u00fd\u00fcz\u00fcni g\u00fclzarlyga \u00f6w\u00fcr\u00fd\u00e4ndigini g\u00f6z \u00f6\u0148\u00fcne getirse bolar.<\/p>\n

Bal arylar oba hojalygynyt\u0148 \u00f6n\u00fcm\u00e7iliginde, miweli baglary tozanlandyrmakda, toka\u00fd hojalygynda we howany kadala\u015fdyrmakda m\u00f6h\u00fcm rol o\u00fdna\u00fdarlar. \u015ee\u00fdle-de bolsa h\u00e4zirki wagtda ekinleri\u0148 hasyllygyna we i\u00fdmitleni\u015fine g\u00f6n\u00fcden-g\u00f6ni t\u00e4sir ed\u00fd\u00e4n tozanlanmagy\u0148 peselmegi bo\u00fdun\u00e7a d\u00fcn\u00fd\u00e4de tendesi\u00fda bar. Bal arylary b\u00e4\u015f m\u00f6h\u00fcm fakt:<\/p>\n

    \n
  1. I\u00fdmiti\u0148 mukdaryny k\u00f6peld\u00fd\u00e4rler. Bal arylary bilen tozanlandyrmagy\u0148 \u00fcsti bilen h\u00e4zirki wagtda d\u00fcn\u00fd\u00e4de 2 milliard da\u00fdhanlary\u0148 azyk \u00f6n\u00fcm\u00e7iligi gowulan\u00fdar. Egerde \u015f\u00e4nikli miweli baglarda we be\u00fdleki g\u00fclli \u00f6s\u00fcmliklerde bal arylary bilen tozanlandyrma i\u015fi dogry \u00fdola go\u00fdulsa hasyl orta\u00e7a 24 g\u00f6terim \u00fdokarlanyp biler<\/li>\n
  2. I\u00fdmiti\u0148 hili \u00fdokarlan\u00fdar. Miwe, g\u00f6k \u00f6n\u00fcmler we tohumlar \u00fdaly minerallara ba\u00fd i\u00fdmitler tozanlanmanma netijesinde \u00f6s\u00fcmlikde has k\u00f6p toplan\u00fdar. \u015e\u00e4nikli miweler balarylary bilen dogry tozanlandyrylanda has uly we birme\u0148ze\u015f standart miweler emele geler. Bal arylary bilen \u00fd\u00f6rite tozanlandyrlan \u015f\u00e4nikli miweli baglarda miw\u00e4ni\u0148 miw\u00e4ni\u0148 hili we tagamy gowulan\u00fdar.<\/li>\n
  3. Arylar we miweli baglara g\u00fcll\u00e4p \u00f6smegi \u00fc\u00e7in goldaw gur\u015fawa m\u00e4t\u00e4\u00e7. \u015eol esasdan hem balarylar bilen miweli baglar simbioz gatna\u015fygy alyp bar\u00fdar di\u00fdsek hem bolar. Seb\u00e4bi balary miweli bagy tozanlandyr\u00fdar we ondaky nektary \u00f6z\u00fcne i\u00fdmit h\u00f6km\u00fcnde kabul ed\u00fd\u00e4r hem-de miweli bagy\u0148 hasyllygyny\u0148 \u00fdokarlanmagyna, miwesini\u0148 iri bolmagyna, hasyly\u0148 hilini \u00fdokarlanmagyna \u00f6z t\u00e4sirini \u00fdetir\u00fd\u00e4r.<\/li>\n
  4. I\u0148 a\u00fdylgan\u00e7 howplar. Balarylary \u00fc\u00e7in amatly \u00fda\u015fa\u00fdy\u015f \u00fderlerini\u0148 \u00fdoklugy tozanlary\u0148 yzygiderli azalmagyna seb\u00e4p bol\u00fdar. Monokulturalar, pestisidler we howany\u0148 \u00fc\u00fdtgemegi bilen baglany\u015fykly \u00fdokary temperatura, ary ilaty we netijede miweli bagy\u0148 hili \u00fc\u00e7in kyn\u00e7ylyk d\u00f6red\u00fd\u00e4r. Eger-de bu tendensi\u00fda dowam edip bu i\u015fleri\u0148 \u00f6\u0148\u00fc\u0148i alynsa miwli baglary\u0148 we be\u00fdleki \u00f6s\u00fcmlikleri\u0148 hasyllygyny\u0148 we hilini\u0148 durnukly \u015fekili saklanyp galar.<\/li>\n
  5. Tozanlanmagy \u00fcpj\u00fcn etmek \u00fc\u00e7in da\u00fdhanlar balarylary \u00fc\u00e7in amatly \u00fda\u015fa\u00fdy\u015f \u015fertlerini d\u00f6retmeli. Olara pestisidleri\u0148 mukdaryny\u0148 azalmagy \u00fda-da has zy\u00fdansyz g\u00f6rn\u00fc\u015flerni\u0148 ulanylmagy, balary ma\u015fgalasyny\u0148 \u00f6\u00fdjagazlaryny\u0148 gorap saklanylmagy we ekin me\u00fddanlarynda balarylary \u00f6z\u00fcne \u00e7ekiji g\u00fclli \u00f6s\u00fcmlikleri\u0148 ekilmegi \u00f6z i\u00e7ine al\u00fdar. Bu i\u015fleri\u0148 da\u00fdhanlar tarapyndan dogry \u00fdola go\u00fdulmagy, olar kanagatlanarly netijeleri ber\u00fd\u00e4r.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

    Entomofil \u00f6s\u00fcmlikleri\u0148 balary bilen tozanlandyrylmagyny\u0148 pe\u00fddalary d\u00fcn\u00fd\u00e4de toplanan \u00e4hli baly\u0148 bahasyndan birn\u00e4\u00e7e esse k\u00f6pd\u00fcr. Seb\u00e4bi balarylary d\u00fcn\u00fd\u00e4de m\u00fc\u0148ler\u00e7e \u00f6s\u00fcmlikleri tozanlandyr\u00fdar. \u015ee\u00fdle hem tozanlandyrmak arkaly pagta hasylyny\u0148 20-25 %, garpyzy\u0148 30-60%\u00a0 miweli baglary\u0148 20-25 % \u00fdokarlandyr\u00fdandygy alymlar kesgitlediler.<\/p>\n

    Balarylary bilen tozanlandyrmak \u015fol bir g\u00f6rn\u00fc\u015fd\u00e4ki miweli baglary\u0148 we be\u00fdleki \u00f6s\u00fcmlikleri\u0148 \u00f6s\u00fd\u00e4n emma topragy\u0148 i\u00fdmitlendirili\u015fini\u0148, mikroklimaty\u0148 we topografi\u00fdany\u0148 d\u00fcrli \u015fertlerinde uly massiwde ge\u00e7irilende i\u0148 \u00fdokary netijeleri ber\u00fd\u00e4r. \u015eol bir wagty\u0148 \u00f6z\u00fcnde ary g\u00fclden-g\u00fcle ga\u00fdta-ga\u00fdta u\u00e7\u00fdan mahaly, pistili\u0148 stigmasyna d\u00fc\u015f\u00fd\u00e4n k\u00f6p sanly \u00f6s\u00fcmlikden d\u00fcrli hili polenleri ge\u00e7ir\u00fd\u00e4r we bu \u00f6s\u00fcmligi\u0148 talaplaryna la\u00fdyk gel\u00fd\u00e4n polen g\u00f6ger\u00fd\u00e4r. Sa\u00fdlawly tohumlandyrma \u015fe\u00fdle bol\u00fdar. \u00a0Netijede, bu \u00f6s\u00fcmlikleri\u0148 miweleri we tohumlary has uly we \u00fdokary hilli bol\u00fdar.<\/p>\n

    \u00d6s\u00fcmikleri\u0148, miweli baglary\u0148\u00a0 arylar bilen kesi\u015fmegini\u0148 bellenen artykma\u00e7lyklary \u00c7.Darwin tarapyndan\u00a0 XIX asyry\u0148 ortalarynda be\u00fdan edilipdi. Arylary\u0148 kesi\u015fmegini\u0148 bu artykma\u00e7lygy has \u00fdokary hasyl ber\u00fd\u00e4n gibrid \u00f6s\u00fcmlik g\u00f6rn\u00fc\u015flerini \u00f6nd\u00fcrmek \u00fc\u00e7in ulanyl\u00fdar. Onu\u0148 i\u015finde 150 t\u00f6weregi oba hojalyk ekinleri arylar bilen tozanlandyrylmagyna m\u00e4t\u00e4\u00e7 bolup dur\u00fdar di\u00fdip bellenil\u00fd\u00e4r.<\/p>\n

    Bulary\u0148 i\u00e7inde ykdysady gymmaty \u00fdokary bolan garpyz, pagta, g\u00fcnebakar, gor\u00e7isa, zygyr, korandiar ekinler we senagat ekinleri gir\u00fd\u00e4r. Tozanlanmany\u0148 t\u00e4siri bal \u00f6s\u00fcmligini\u0148 g\u00f6rn\u00fc\u015fine,ondaky nektary\u0148 mukdaryna, ekinleri\u0148 me\u00fddanyna, \u00f6s\u00fcmlikleri\u0148 g\u00fcrl\u00fcgine we ary kolon\u00fdalaryny\u0148 g\u00fc\u00fdj\u00fcne baglydyr.<\/p>\n

    \u015ee\u00fdle hem balarylaryny\u0148 g\u00fcllere gatna\u015fmagyny\u0148 howa \u015fertlerine we g\u00fclleri\u0148 nektar bilen dolulylygyna t\u00e4sir ed\u00fd\u00e4ndigini \u00fdatdan \u00e7ykarmaly d\u00e4ldir. G\u00fcller tarapyndan b\u00f6l\u00fcnip \u00e7yk\u00fdan nektary\u0148 mukdary di\u0148e bir howa we bal \u00f6s\u00fcmligini\u0148 g\u00f6rn\u00fc\u015fine bagly bolman e\u00fdsem, \u00f6s\u00fcmlikler we miweli baglary oba hojalygynda \u00f6sd\u00fcrip \u00fdeti\u015fdirmegi\u0148 hiline, ideg i\u015flerine we topraga ulanyl\u00fdan d\u00f6k\u00fcnleri\u0148 mukdaryna hem bagly bolup dur\u00fdar.<\/p>\n

    \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0Huda\u00fdberdi\u00fdewa A\u00fdg\u00fcl<\/strong><\/em>
    \nHalkara senagat\u00e7ylar we teleke\u00e7iler uniwersitetini\u0148 Dil \u00f6wreni\u015f b\u00f6l\u00fcmini\u0148 108-nji toparyny\u0148 talyby<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n

    <\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

    Miweli baglar bilen tozanlandyryjy m\u00f6r-m\u00f6jekler m\u00fc\u0148ler\u00e7e \u00fdyly\u0148 dowamynda arabaglany\u015fykda \u00fda\u015fa\u015fyp gel\u00fd\u00e4r. \u015eolary\u0148 i\u00e7inde bal ber\u00fd\u00e4n arylar m\u00f6h\u00fcm orunda dur\u00fdar. G\u00fcller re\u0148klerini\u0148 owadanlygy, a\u00e7yklygy hem-de n\u00e4zikligi bilen tapawutlan\u00fdar. Oba hojalygyny\u0148 \u00f6sd\u00fcrilmegi, tozanlandyryl\u00fdan medeni \u00f6s\u00fcmlikleri\u0148 me\u00fddanyny\u0148 artdyrylmagy bal ber\u00fd\u00e4n arylary\u0148 roluny \u00fdokarlandyrdy. Adamlar olary a\u00fdry-a\u00fdry sebitlerde k\u00f6peldip ba\u015flady. Bal arylary miweli baglary\u00a0 tozanlandyr\u00fdan esasy jandara \u00f6wr\u00fcldi. Be\u00fdleki […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":3,"featured_media":19867,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[10],"tags":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/newsashgabat.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/19866"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/newsashgabat.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/newsashgabat.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/newsashgabat.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/3"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/newsashgabat.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=19866"}],"version-history":[{"count":2,"href":"https:\/\/newsashgabat.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/19866\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":25202,"href":"https:\/\/newsashgabat.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/19866\/revisions\/25202"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/newsashgabat.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/media\/19867"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/newsashgabat.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=19866"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/newsashgabat.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=19866"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/newsashgabat.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=19866"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}