T\u00fcrkmen halky di\u0148e bir gadymy d\u00f6w\u00fcrlerde we orta asyrlarda d\u00e4l, e\u00fdsem,
\ndagynyk \u00fda\u015fan d\u00f6w\u00fcrlerinde-de \u00f6z durmu\u015flaryny netijeli gurmaklygy
\nba\u015farypdyrlar. Ilaty\u0148 \u00fdartysyndan gowragy oturumly, galany bolsa \u00e7arwa bolanlar.
\nYkdysady\u00fdeti\u0148 esasy ugurlary bolup ekeran\u00e7ylyk we maldar\u00e7ylyk \u00e7yky\u015f edipdir.
\n\u00c7omur (oturumly) ilat ekeran\u00e7ylyk we \u00e7arwa (maldar) ilat maldar\u00e7ylyk bilen me\u015fgul
\nbolupdyrlar. Bu \u00fdagdsa\u00fd \u00fdurtdaky t\u00fcrkmen ta\u00fdpalaryny\u0148 \u00e4hlisine h\u00e4si\u00fdetli bolan.
\n\u00c7omrulary\u0148 oba hojalyk durmu\u015fy iki topara b\u00f6l\u00fcnipdir. Birinjiden,
\nekeran\u00e7ylygy\u0148 ygal \u00fdagda\u00fdy bilen baglylygy. Eger \u00fdyl ygally gelse, olar bugda\u00fdy\u0148
\nwe arpany\u0148 o\u0148at hasylyny alypdyrlar. Eger \u00fdyl gurak gelse, olary\u0148 al\u00fdan hasyly az
\nbolupdyr. \u00c7omur hojalyklaryny\u0148 ikinji toparyna der\u00fdalary\u0148 \u00fdakasyndaky \u00fderler
\ndegi\u015flidir. Bu \u00fderlerde ekeran\u00e7ylyk der\u00fdalary\u0148 suwuna we suwary\u015f ulgamlaryny\u0148
\nHalkymyzy\u0148 b\u00fctin taryhyny\u0148 dowamynda \u00fdurdumyzda aja\u00fdyp \u015f\u00e4herler, binalar
\ngurlanlar. Binag\u00e4rlik sungatyny\u0148 aja\u00fdyp nusgalary bolan b. e. \u00f6\u0148ki I-III asyrlara
\ndegi\u015fli Parfi\u00fda d\u00f6wletini\u0148 k\u00f6\u015fkler toplumy Nusa\u00fd, Soltan Sanjary\u0148 aramg\u00e4hi, Uly
\nGyzgala, Gutlug Temiri\u0148 minarasy, T\u00f6rebeg hanymy\u0148 aramg\u00e4hi, Da\u00fdahatyn
\nkerwensara\u00fdy, Dehistany\u0148 minaralary, M\u00e4ne babany\u0148 we Abyl Fazyly\u0148 aramg\u00e4hleri
\nwe be\u00fdlekiler d\u00fcn\u00fd\u00e4 siwilizasi\u00fdasyny\u0148 taryhynda mynasyp orun e\u00fdele\u00fd\u00e4r.
\nder\u00fdalaryny\u0148 \u00fdakalarynda, \u015fe\u00fdle hem K\u00f6petdagy\u0148 g\u00fcndogar etegind\u00e4ki k\u00f6p sanly
\n\u00e7e\u015fmeleri\u0148 ugurlarynda mekan tutupdyrlar.
\nT\u00fcrkmenleri\u0148 durmu\u015fynda maldar\u00e7ylyk hem uly orun tutupdyr. Olar \u00f6z
\ns\u00fcr\u00fclerini \u00fdaz, tomus we g\u00fc\u00fdz a\u00fdlarynda otluk \u00f6r\u00fclerde we \u00fdazlaglarda bakypdyrlar.
\n\u00c7arwalar gyl\u00fdal, iri \u015fahly mal, dowar we d\u00fc\u00fde bakypdyrlar. \u00d6zi hem k\u00f6p g\u00f6rn\u00fc\u015fli
\nmal \u00f6n\u00fcmlerini \u00f6z gerekliliklerinden has artykma\u00e7 mukdarda \u00f6nd\u00fcripdirler. Bir
\nt\u00fcrkmen ma\u015fgalasyny\u0148 orta hasap bilen 300-den 500-e \u00e7enli dowary we sygry,
\nbirn\u00e4\u00e7e d\u00fc\u00fdesi we \u00fdabysy, aty bolupdyr.
\nHazar de\u0148zini\u0148 kenarynda \u00fda\u015fa\u00fdan t\u00fcrkmenler balyk\u00e7ylyk bilen me\u015fgul
\nbolupdyrlar. Etrek, G\u00fcrgen, Garsuw we Esenguly a\u00fdlagy balykl\u00e7ylygy\u0148 \u00f6sen \u00fderleri
\nbolupdyr. Balyk\u00e7ylygy\u0148 i\u015few\u00fcr m\u00f6ws\u00fcmleri g\u00fc\u00fdz we \u00fdaz a\u00fdlary bolupdyr. \u00ddaz
\na\u00fdlarynda olar bekre balyklary\u0148 d\u00fcrli hillerini tut\u00fdardylar. G\u00fc\u00fdz a\u00fdlarynda bolsa bu
\nbalyklardan ba\u015fga-da, olar lakga, \u00e7apak we be\u00fdleki balyklary tutupdyrlar.
\nT\u00fcrkmenler oba hojalyk we maldar\u00e7ylyk \u00f6n\u00fcmlerinden hem-de
\nbalyk\u00e7ylykdan ba\u015fga-da senet\u00e7iligi\u0148 d\u00fcrli g\u00f6rn\u00fc\u015fleri bilen me\u015fgul bolupdyrlar. Olar
\n\u00f6\u00fd hojalyk i\u015flerinde ulanmak \u00fc\u00e7in gerek zatlary\u0148 hemmesini di\u00fden \u00fdaly \u00f6zleri
\n\u00f6nd\u00fcripdirler. T\u00fcrkmenleri\u0148 i\u0148 k\u00f6p \u00f6nd\u00fcr\u00fd\u00e4n \u00f6n\u00fcmleri \u00fda\u015fal\u00fdan \u00f6\u00fd bolupdyr. \u015eonu\u0148
\n\u00fdaly-da olar haly, palas, horjun, torba, \u00e7uwal dokapdyrlar, at esbaplaryny, e\u00fder,
\nga\u0148\u0148a, howut, juwaz, me\u015fik \u00fdsapdyrlar, e\u015fik, \u00fdorgan-d\u00fc\u015fek tikipdirler. Olary\u0148
\nda\u015fary \u00e7ykaryp aly\u015f-\u00e7aly\u015f ed\u00fd\u00e4n harytlary: at ke\u00e7esi, \u00fdona, halylar, agyr \u00e7\u00e4kmenlik
\n(k\u00f6\u015fek \u00fd\u00fc\u0148\u00fcnden \u00f6r\u00e4n \u00fduka dokalan e\u015fik), go\u00fdun \u00fd\u00fc\u0148\u00fcnden we ge\u00e7i s\u00fct\u00fcginden
\n\u00f6r\u00fcl\u00fd\u00e4n e\u015fikler, dolaklar, g\u00fclli joraplar, at esbaplary, aja\u00fdyp haly horjunlary, e\u00fdlenen
\ngarak\u00f6li baganalary, e\u00fdlenen tilki derileri we ba\u015fgalardyr.
\nH\u00e4zirki d\u00f6w\u00fcrde milli taryhy-medeni mirasy\u0148 m\u00fc\u0148den gowragy d\u00f6wlet tarapyndan
\nhasaba alyndy. \u00ddurtda 8 sany taryhy-medeni d\u00f6wlet goraghanalary bolup, olara:
\n\u201cNusa\u00fd\u201d, \u201cK\u00f6ne\u00fcrgen\u00e7\u201d, \u201cGadymy Merw\u201d, \u201cGadymy Dehistan\u201d, \u201cAtamyrat\u201d,
\n\u201cK\u00f6ne Sarahs\u201d, \u201cAbywerd\u201d, \u201cG\u00f6kdepe galasy\u201d goraghanalar degi\u015flidir1
\n. Be\u00fdik \u00fd\u00fcpek \u00fdoluny\u0148 ugrunda \u00fderle\u015fen taryhy desglalry\u0148, \u015fe\u00fdle-de taryhy \u00fdadyg\u00e4rlikleri\u0148
\n20-sini \u00ddUNESKO-ny\u0148 B\u00fctind\u00fcn\u00fd\u00e4 mirasyny\u0148 sanawyna go\u015fmak bo\u00fdun\u00e7a alnyp
\nbaryl\u00fdan i\u015fler \u00fdurtda bu mesel\u00e4 beril\u00fd\u00e4n \u00fcnsi\u0148 \u00e4hmi\u00fdetini g\u00f6rkez\u00fd\u00e4r. H\u00e4zirki
\nd\u00f6w\u00fcrde iri taryhy-medeni goraghanalary\u0148 \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcsi \u2013 Nusa\u00fd, K\u00f6ne\u00fcrgen\u00e7 we Gadymy
\nMerw \u00ddUNESKO-ny\u0148 B\u00fctind\u00fcn\u00fd\u00e4 mirasyny\u0148 sanawyna girizildi. Olary\u0148 her biri
\n\u00f6z\u00fcni\u0148 \u00e4girt uly medeni we ylmy gymmatlygy bilen bellidir. \u015eonu\u0148 \u00fdaly-da bu
\n\u00fdadyg\u00e4rlikler toplumlary t\u00fcrkmen halkyny\u0148 ge\u00e7en nesillerini\u0148 d\u00f6redijilik ukybyny\u0148
\n\u00fdokarylygyny\u0148 subutnamasydyr.
\n\u00ddurdumyzda halkymyzy\u0148 ruhy-medeni mirasyny \u00e4hlitarapla\u00fdyn \u00f6wrenmek,
\nnesillerden-nesillere ge\u00e7irmek i\u015fine uly \u00fcns beril\u00fdar. Bu ugurda Magtymguly
\nPyragyny\u0148 290 \u00fdyllyk \u00fdubile\u00fdi bellenen 2014-nji \u00fdylda hem-de \u201cMirasa sarpa
\ngo\u00fdmak, Watany \u00f6zgertmek\u201d di\u00fdip atlandyrylan 2016-njy \u00fdylda edilen i\u015fler a\u00fdratyn
\nbell\u00e4rliklidir. 2014-nji \u00fdyl Magtymgulyny\u0148 \u00fdyly di\u00fdip yglan edildi. Bu \u00e7\u00f6zg\u00fct
\nT\u00dcRKSO\u00dd-y\u0148 hemi\u015felik ge\u0148e\u015fini\u0148 Ankarada (T\u00fcrki\u00fde Respublikasy) ge\u00e7irilen
\nXXXI mejlisinde kabul edildi. \u015eol \u00fdyly\u0148 dowamynda be\u00fdik \u015fahyry\u0148 eserleri i\u0148lis,
\n\u00fdapon, hyta\u00fd, kore\u00fd, urdu, arap, t\u00fcrk, fransuz, rus, belarus, ukrain, rumyn, tatar,
\nermeni, gazak, \u00f6zbek we d\u00fcn\u00fd\u00e4ni\u0148 be\u00fdleki birn\u00e4\u00e7e dillerine terjime edildi hem-de
\n\u00f6zba\u015fdak ne\u015firler g\u00f6rn\u00fc\u015finde \u00e7ap edildi. 2016-njy \u00fdylda hem halkymyzy\u0148 taryhymedeni we ruhy mirasyny \u00f6wrenmek bilen baglan\u015fykly k\u00f6ptaraply i\u015flere badalga berildi.<\/p>\n