Psihika bu \u00fdokary gurlu\u015fdaky nerw ulgamyny\u0148 \u00f6n\u00fcmidir. Adamda psihikany, a\u0148y\u00fdeti d\u00f6red\u00fd\u00e4n onu\u0148 be\u00fdnisidir.
\nNerw ulgamy 2 sany m\u00f6h\u00fcm wezip\u00e4ni amala a\u015fyr\u00fdandyr:
\na) adamy\u0148 da\u015fky d\u00fcn\u00fd\u00e4 bilen gatna\u015fygyny \u00fcpj\u00fcn etmek;
\nb) adamy\u0148 bedenini\u0148 \u00e4hli b\u00f6l\u00fcmlerini\u0148 i\u015fini sazlamak, guramak we g\u00f6n\u00fckdirmek.
\nAdamy\u0148 \u00e4hli psihiki i\u015fleri be\u00fdnide \u015f\u00f6hlelenip, emele gel\u00fd\u00e4r. Adamy\u0148 nerw ulgamyny\u0148 gurlu\u015fy \u00f6r\u00e4n \u00e7yl\u015fyrymlydyr. Onu\u0148 gurlu\u015fyny d\u00fcz\u00fd\u00e4n ne\u00fdronlardyr. Ne\u00fdrony\u0148 ululygy 0,03 mm.de\u0148dir. Ne\u00fdronlary\u0148 da\u015fyny \u015fahalan\u00fdan g\u00f6rn\u00fc\u015fd\u00e4ki dendritler we aksonlar \u00f6rt\u00fcp dur\u00fdandyr. Nerw s\u00fc\u00fd\u00fcmleri d\u00fcrli uzynlykda bolup, onlar\u00e7a santimetre \u00e7enli uzalyp gid\u00fd\u00e4r. Adamy\u0148 nerw ulgamynda nerw biotogy emele gelip, maglumatlary sekuntda 120 metr tizlik bilen merkeze \u00fdetir\u00fd\u00e4r. Nerw s\u00fc\u00fd\u00fcmlerini\u0148 da\u015fy ak \u00fdagjymak h\u00e4si\u00fdetli bolan mi\u00fdelin gabyjagy bilen \u00f6rt\u00fclendir. Mi\u00fdelin gabyjagy nerw o\u00fdanmasyny kesgitli ugra g\u00f6n\u00fckdirmekde esasy rol o\u00fdna\u00fdar. Nerw \u00f6\u00fdj\u00fckleri-ne\u00fdronlar biri-birleri bilen \u201csinaps\u201d arkaly baglany\u015fyk sakla\u00fdarlar. Nerw o\u00fdanmasy sinaps baglany\u015fygy arkaly bir \u00f6\u00fdj\u00fckden be\u00fdleki \u00f6\u00fdj\u00fcge ge\u00e7\u00fd\u00e4r. Nerw \u00f6\u00fdj\u00fcklerini\u0148 \u015fe\u00fdle baglany\u015fykly toplumyna bolsa nerwler di\u00fdil\u00fd\u00e4r. Bedeni\u0148 \u00e4hli b\u00f6l\u00fcmleri arkaly alnan informasi\u00fdalary, nerw o\u00fdanmasyny be\u00fdn\u00e4 habar ber\u00fd\u00e4n nerwlere merkeze ymtyl\u00fdan nerwler di\u00fdil\u00fd\u00e4r. Be\u00fdniden bedeni\u0148 b\u00f6l\u00fcmlerine informasi\u00fdalary ugrad\u00fdan b\u00f6l\u00fcmine merkezden da\u015fla\u015f\u00fdan nerwler di\u00fdil\u00fd\u00e4r. Merkezi nerw ulgamy kelle we o\u0148urga be\u00fdnisinden dur\u00fdandyr. O\u0148urga be\u00fdnisinde dogabitdi \u015fertsiz refleksleri\u0148 toplumyny\u0148 merkezleri \u00fderle\u015fendir. Ol adamy\u0148 bedenini\u0148 hereket i\u015fini we i\u00e7ki bedenleri\u0148 i\u015fini sazla\u00fdandyr. Be\u00fdni kelle\u00e7anagyny\u0148 i\u00e7inde \u00fderle\u015fip, da\u015fky t\u00e4sirlerden gora\u00fdar. Be\u00fdni \u00fdum\u015fak madda bolup, ol kelle \u00e7anagyny\u0148 i\u00e7in d\u00e4ki suwuklykda \u00fderle\u015f\u00fd\u00e4r. Be\u00fdnini\u0148 \u00f6z\u00fcni\u0148 80% d\u00fcz\u00fcmi hem suwuklykdyr. Be\u00fdni gan we kislorod bilen i\u00fdmitlen\u00fd\u00e4r. Be\u00fdn\u00e4 \u00f6r\u00e4n in\u00e7ejik kapill\u00fdarlar arkaly gan akyp bar\u00fdar. Be\u00fdni gany\u0148 akmak derejesine \u00f6r\u00e4n du\u00fdgurdyr, seb\u00e4bi be\u00fdn\u00e4 15 sekuntda gan akmasy bes edilse, adam \u00f6z\u00fcnden gid\u00fd\u00e4r, 10 minuda \u00e7enli bolsa be\u00fdni \u00f6l\u00fcp bil\u00fd\u00e4r. Adamy\u0148 be\u00fdnisini\u0148 orta\u00e7a agramy 1400 grama de\u0148dir.
\nBe\u00fdni biri-biri bilen baglany\u015fykly bolan birn\u00e4\u00e7e b\u00f6l\u00fcmlerden dur\u00fdandyr. Be\u00fdnini\u0148 a\u015faky b\u00f6l\u00fcmine s\u00fc\u00fdri be\u00fdni degi\u015fli bolup, ol o\u0148urga be\u00fdnisini kelle be\u00fdnisi bilen baglany\u015fdyr\u00fdar. S\u00fc\u00fdri be\u00fdnini\u0148 \u00fcst\u00fcnde ortaky be\u00fdni, be\u00fdnijik, aralyk be\u00fdni \u00fderle\u015f\u00fd\u00e4r.Be\u00fdni\u0148 bu b\u00f6l\u00fcmleri uly \u00fdarym \u015farlar bilen \u00f6rt\u00fclendir. Be\u00fdnijik adamy\u0148 hereket i\u015fini we de\u0148agramlylygyny sazla\u00fdar.
\nBe\u00fdnini\u0148 \u00e4hli b\u00f6l\u00fcmleri hem adamy\u0148 \u00fda\u015fa\u00fd\u015fy \u00fc\u00e7in zerur bolan wezipeleri \u00fderine \u00fdetir\u00fd\u00e4r.
\nBe\u00fdnini\u0148 i\u0148 uly we \u00f6sen b\u00f6l\u00fcmi uly \u00fdarym \u015farlardyr. Uly \u00fdarym \u015farlar sag we \u00e7ep taraplara b\u00f6l\u00fcn\u00fd\u00e4r. Uly \u00fdarym \u015fary\u0148 da\u015fy \u00f6r\u00e4n \u00fdukajyk 3-4 mm. \u00e7al madda bilen \u00f6rt\u00fclendir. Bu \u00fdukajyk \u00e7al madda bolsa uly \u00fdarym \u015fary\u0148 gabyjagy di\u00fdil\u00fd\u00e4r. Uly \u00fdarym \u015fary\u0148 gabyjagynda 15 milliarda \u00e7enli ne\u00fdron \u00fderle\u015fip, olar d\u00fcrli ululykda, g\u00f6rn\u00fc\u015fde we gur lu\u015fda bol\u00fdar. Ne\u00fdronlar biri-biri bilen \u00f6r\u00e4n jebis \u00fderle\u015f\u00fd\u00e4ndirler.
\n\u00ddarym \u015far gabyjagyndaky ne\u00fdronlar b\u00f6l\u00fcnip \u00fda-da k\u00f6pelip bilme\u00fd\u00e4r.
\nT\u00e4ze doglan \u00e7agany\u0148 \u00fdarym \u015farlardaky nerw \u00f6\u00fdj\u00fckleri san ta\u00fddan uly adamy\u0148ky bilen de\u0148dir. \u015eonu\u0148 \u00fc\u00e7in \u00f6s\u00fc\u015f nerwi \u00f6\u00fdj\u00fcklerini\u0148 baglany \u015fygyna baglydyr. Adamy\u0148 \u00fda\u015fy 30-35-e \u00fdetende, ne\u00fdronlary\u0148 sany azalyp ba\u015fla\u00fdar. Alymlary\u0148 bellemegine g\u00f6r\u00e4 adamda g\u00fcndelik 50.000-e \u00e7enli nerwi \u00f6\u00fdj\u00fcgi \u00f6l\u00fcp bil\u00fd\u00e4r. \u00ddarym \u015fary\u0148 gabygy pikiri\u0148 esasy merkezi hasaplanyl\u00fdar.
\nUly \u00fdarym \u015farlar adamy\u0148 we ha\u00fdwanat d\u00fcn\u00fd\u00e4sini\u0148 \u00fda\u015fa\u00fd\u015fynda uly orun e\u00fdele\u00fd\u00e4r. Uly \u00fdarym \u015farlar adamy\u0148, ha\u00fdwanlary\u0148 \u00e4hli dogry hereketlerini, \u00fda\u015fa\u00fd\u015fyny emele getir\u00fd\u00e4r. Munu\u0148 \u015fe\u00fdledigini k\u00e4bir ha\u00fdwanlarda ge\u00e7irilen barlaglar tassykla\u00fdar. Meselem, itleri\u0148 operasi\u00fda edilip, uly \u00fdarym \u015farlary a\u00fdyrylanda, olary\u0148 hereket etmek ukyby \u00fdit\u00fd\u00e4r. \u00d6z ejesini tanama\u00fdar, \u00f6\u0148ki ga\u00fdtala\u00fdan endiklerini \u00fderine \u00fdetirme\u00fd\u00e4r. Umuman, it ma\u00fdyp mahluga \u00f6wr\u00fcl\u00fd\u00e4r. \u015ee\u00fdle operasi\u00fda ma\u00fdmynlarda ge\u00e7irilende, ol di\u0148e 3 a\u00fda \u00e7enli \u00f6z \u00fda\u015fa\u00fd\u015fyny dowam etdiripdir. Uly \u00fdarym \u015farlary\u0148 \u00fcsti gasyn-gasyndyr. Ke\u015fler, \u00e7u\u0148luklar, gabygy\u0148 \u00fcst\u00fcni 2000-sm-2 \u00e7enli k\u00f6peld\u00fd\u00e4ndir. Her bir \u00fdarym \u015farlar ke\u015fler bo\u00fdyn\u00e7a ma\u0148la\u00fd, depe, \u00e7ekge we \u00fde\u0148se b\u00f6l\u00fcmlere b\u00f6l\u00fcn \u00fd\u00e4r ler.
\nAdamda ma\u0148la\u00fd b\u00f6l\u00fcmi uly \u00fdarym \u015fary\u0148 29%-ni, ma\u00fdmynda 16%-ni, itde 7%-ni, pi\u015fiklerde bolsa di\u0148e 3%-ni tut\u00fdar. Uly \u00fdarym \u015fary\u0148 bu b\u00f6l\u00fcmine zy\u00fdan \u00fdetende adamy\u0148 \u00e4hli a\u0148ly, pikirli hereketleri \u00fc\u00fdtge\u00fd\u00e4r. Ol \u00fd\u00f6neke\u00fdje p\u00e4sgel\u00e7ilikleri hem \u00fde\u0148ip ge\u00e7ip bilme\u00fd\u00e4r. Adam gara\u015fylmadyk islendik hereketleri \u00fderine \u00fdetirm\u00e4ge ym tyl \u00fdar. Uly \u00fdarym \u015fary\u0148 gabygy du\u00fdujy we herketlendiriji b\u00f6l\u00fcmlere b\u00f6l\u00fcn\u00fd\u00e4rler.
\nDu\u00fdujy b\u00f6l\u00fcme \u00e4hli du\u00fdu\u015f synalaryndan, deriden my\u015fsalaradan, i\u00e7ki synalardan impulslar gel\u00fd\u00e4rler. Du\u00fdujy b\u00f6l\u00fcmini\u0148 ne\u00fdronlary o\u00fdananda bolsa du\u00fdu\u015f emele gel\u00fd\u00e4ndir. \u00ddarym \u015fary\u0148 \u00fde\u0148 se b\u00f6l\u00fcminde g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015f merkezi \u00fderle\u015f\u00fd\u00e4r. Bu merkeze \u015fikes \u00fdetende, adamy\u0148 kadaly g\u00f6r\u015fi bozulyp bil\u00fd\u00e4r. \u00c7ekge b\u00f6leginde e\u015fidi\u015f merkezi \u00fderle\u015f\u00fd\u00e4r. Eger bu merkeze zy\u00fdan \u00fdetende, adam sesleri a\u00fdyl-sa\u00fdyl edip bilme\u00fd\u00e4r. Uly \u00fdarym \u015fary\u0148 gabygyny\u0148 merkezi ke\u015fini\u0148 \u00f6\u0148 \u00fdanynda hereketlendiriji b\u00f6l\u00fcm, yzynda bolsa deri-my\u015fsa du\u00fdu\u015f merkezi \u00fderle\u015f\u00fd\u00e4r. Hereketlendiriji merkezd\u00e4ki ne\u00fdronlary\u0148 o\u00fdanmagy bilen adamy\u0148 \u00e4hli hereket i\u015fi amala a\u015fyryl\u00fdar. Uly \u00fdarym \u015fary\u0148 gabygyny\u0148 b\u00f6l\u00fcmleri bir bitewi \u00fdaly i\u015fl\u00e4p, adamy\u0148 psihiki i\u015fje\u0148ligini\u0148 material esasy bolup dur\u00fdar. Adamy\u0148 \u00fdat tutmagy, s\u00f6zlemegi, pikirlenmegi, \u00fcns bermegi, du\u00fdmagy \u00fdaly \u00e4hli psihiki i\u015fleri uly \u00fdarym \u015farlary\u0148 gabygy bilen baglany\u015fyklydyr. Adamy\u0148 da\u015fky gur\u015faw bilen \u00f6zara t\u00e4sir etmegini\u0148 esa sy g\u00f6rn\u00fc\u015fi refleksdir. Adamy\u0148 merkezi nerw ulgamy arkaly amala a\u015fyryl\u00fdan gyjyndyryjylara bedeni\u0148 jogap ga\u00fdtary\u015f reaksi\u00fdasyna refleks di\u00fdil\u00fd\u00e4r. Refleks mahalynda nerw impulsyny\u0148 ge\u00e7\u00fd\u00e4n \u00fdoluna reflektor dugasy di\u00fdil\u00fd\u00e4r. Reflektor dugasy 3 b\u00f6l\u00fcme b\u00f6l\u00fcn\u00fd\u00e4r:
\na) du\u00fdujy b\u00f6l\u00fcm;
\nb) merkezi b\u00f6l\u00fcm;
\n\u00e7) hereketlendiriji b\u00f6l\u00fcm.
\nReflektor dugasy reseptorlardan ba\u015flan\u00fdar. Adamy\u0148 du\u00fdu\u015f synalaryndaky her bir reseptorlar informasi\u00fdalary (sesi, ysy, \u00fdagtylygy, temperaturany) kabul ed\u00fd\u00e4rler we signallar impulsyna \u00f6wr\u00fcl\u00fd\u00e4rler. Nerw impulsyny\u0148 elektrik tebigaty bolup, ne\u00fdronlary\u0148 uzyn \u00f6s\u00fcntgileri bo\u00fdun\u00e7a \u00f6r\u00e4n \u00e7alt \u00fda\u00fdra\u00fdarlar. Nerw impulslary merkezi nerw ulgamyna ge\u00e7\u00fd\u00e4rler. So\u0148ra impulslar merkezi nerw ulgamyndan here ketlendiriji \u00fdol arkaly i\u00e7 synalaryna bar\u00fdarlar. Adamy\u0148 refleks i\u015fi d\u00fcrli-d\u00fcrli bol\u00fdarlar. Olary\u0148 k\u00e4birleri \u00f6r\u00e4n \u00fd\u00f6neke\u00fd bol\u00fdarlar. Meselem, elimize gyzgyn predmeti\u0148 t\u00e4sir etmegi, g\u00f6z\u00fcmize awu\u015fadyjy maddalary\u0148 d\u00fc\u015fmegi we \u015f. m.<\/p>\n
T\u00fcrkmen d\u00f6wlet binag\u00e4rlik-gurlu\u015fyk institutyny\u00f1 mugallymy \u00d6wezowa \u015eem\u015fat\u00a0<\/i><\/b><\/i><\/b><\/p>\n
<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
Psihika bu \u00fdokary gurlu\u015fdaky nerw ulgamyny\u0148 \u00f6n\u00fcmidir. Adamda psihikany, a\u0148y\u00fdeti d\u00f6red\u00fd\u00e4n onu\u0148 be\u00fdnisidir. Nerw ulgamy 2 sany m\u00f6h\u00fcm wezip\u00e4ni amala a\u015fyr\u00fdandyr: a) adamy\u0148 da\u015fky d\u00fcn\u00fd\u00e4 bilen gatna\u015fygyny \u00fcpj\u00fcn etmek; b) adamy\u0148 bedenini\u0148 \u00e4hli b\u00f6l\u00fcmlerini\u0148 i\u015fini sazlamak, guramak we g\u00f6n\u00fckdirmek. Adamy\u0148 \u00e4hli psihiki i\u015fleri be\u00fdnide \u015f\u00f6hlelenip, emele gel\u00fd\u00e4r. Adamy\u0148 nerw ulgamyny\u0148 gurlu\u015fy \u00f6r\u00e4n \u00e7yl\u015fyrymlydyr. Onu\u0148 gurlu\u015fyny […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":3,"featured_media":20781,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[4,10],"tags":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/newsashgabat.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/20762"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/newsashgabat.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/newsashgabat.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/newsashgabat.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/3"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/newsashgabat.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=20762"}],"version-history":[{"count":2,"href":"https:\/\/newsashgabat.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/20762\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":22536,"href":"https:\/\/newsashgabat.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/20762\/revisions\/22536"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/newsashgabat.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/media\/20781"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/newsashgabat.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=20762"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/newsashgabat.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=20762"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/newsashgabat.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=20762"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}