Gidroponika usulynda ot-i\u00fdmler ta\u00fd\u00fdarlananda \u00f6s\u00fcmlikler topraksyz emeli gur\u015fawlarda \u00f6sd\u00fcrilip \u00fdeti\u015fdiril\u00fd\u00e4r. \u00d6s\u00fcmlikler i\u00fdmiti k\u00f6k ulgamyny gur\u015fap al\u00fdan i\u00fdmitli erginden al\u00fdarlar. Maldar\u00e7ylykda gidroponikada \u00fdeti\u015fdirilen ot-i\u00fdmleri\u0148 \u00e4hmi\u00fdeti \u00f6r\u00e4n uludyr. Gidroponika usulynda ta\u00fd\u00fdarlanan ot-i\u00fdmler mallara be\u00fdleki ot-i\u00fdmler bilen utga\u015fyklykda beril\u00fd\u00e4r. Bu ot-i\u00fdm be\u00fdleki ot-i\u00fdmler bilen utga\u015fyklykda mallara berlende olary\u0148 bedeninde madda \u00e7al\u015fygyny, fermentleri\u0148 i\u015fje\u0148ligini \u00fdokarlandyryp, be\u00fdleki ot-i\u00fdmleri\u0148 si\u0148\u0148itliligine o\u0148a\u00fdly t\u00e4sir ed\u00fd\u00e4r, mallary\u0148 witamine, mikroelementlere talabyny \u00fcpj\u00fcn ed\u00fd\u00e4r, umumy goraglylygyny, durnuklylygyny (immunitetini) \u00fdokarlandyr\u00fdar, et-s\u00fc\u00fdt, \u00fdumurtga \u00f6n\u00fcmliligini, nesil berijiligini artdyr\u00fdar, nesil berijilik \u00fda\u015fyny uzald\u00fdar, derman seri\u015fdeleri \u00fc\u00e7in edil\u00fd\u00e4n harajatlary azald\u00fdar. Maldar\u00e7ylykda \u015fe\u00fdle \u00e4hmi\u00fdetli ot-i\u00fdmler ata-babalarymyz tarapyndan has gadymy d\u00f6w\u00fcrlerden b\u00e4ri ta\u00fd\u00fdarlanyp gelip, h\u00e4zirki wagtda hem oba \u00fderlerinde iri \u015fahly mallary, dowarlary, \u00f6\u00fd gu\u015flaryny ided\u00fd\u00e4n hojalyklarda ulanyl\u00fdar. Bu hojalyklarda gidroponika usulynda bugda\u00fdy\u0148, arpany\u0148, \u015falyny\u0148, mekgej\u00f6weni\u0148, j\u00f6weni\u0148 tohumlary \u00fdapyk \u015fertlerde \u00fd\u00f6rite gaplarda bir tekizlikde \u00fdazylyp topraksyz ekilip, \u00e7yglandyrylyp, 7-8 g\u00fcn\u00fc\u0148 dowamynda alnan \u00f6serler ot-i\u00fdm g\u00f6rn\u00fc\u015finde be\u00fdleki ot-i\u00fdmler bilen utga\u015fykly beril\u00fd\u00e4r.<\/p>\n
Gidroponika usulynda ot-i\u00fdmleri ta\u00fd\u00fdarlamak ownadylan ot ununyndan 8 esse, bed\u00e4ni ta\u00fd\u00fdarlamakdan 7 esse arzan d\u00fc\u015f\u00fd\u00e4r. Bu ot-i\u00fdmler mikro- we makroelementlere, witaminlere, fermentlere, beloklara ba\u00fd bolup, mallar \u00fc\u00e7in ekologik ta\u00fddan arassa tebigy i\u00fdm bolup dur\u00fdar. \u015ee\u00fdle ot-i\u00fdmlerde \u00e7aly\u015f\u00fdan energi\u00fda 12 MJ de\u0148 bolup, \u00e7ig belok 136,87 g, lizin 7,36 mg, metionin 2,21 mg, serin 5,89 mg, sistin 1,47 mg, \u015fekerler 206,03 g, kalsi\u00fd, fosfor, magni\u00fd, natri\u00fd, sink, selen, B witaminler toplumy (B1, B2, B6), E witamin, karotin saklan\u00fdar. \u00ddagny gidroponika ot-i\u00fdmleri\u0148 d\u00fcz\u00fcminde 29%-e gola\u00fd belok bol\u00fdar. Ol oba hojalyk mallary \u00fc\u00e7in zerur bolan witaminleri\u0148 75%-ini \u00fcpj\u00fcn edip bil\u00fd\u00e4r. Bu ot-i\u00fdmleri\u0148 d\u00fcz\u00fcminde fermentleri\u0148 bolmagy ondaky beloklary\u0148, mineral maddalary\u0148 85-90%-ini\u0148 mallary\u0148 i\u00fdmit si\u0148diri\u015f ulgamy tarapyndan gowy \u00f6zle\u015fdirilmegine getir\u00fd\u00e4r.<\/p>\n
Gidroponika usulynda ta\u00fd\u00fdarlanan ot-i\u00fdmler iri \u015fahly mallary\u0148 s\u00fc\u00fdt berijiligini\u0148 5%, nesil berijiligini\u0148 13,2% \u00e7enli \u00fdokarlanmagyna, s\u00fc\u00fdd\u00fc\u0148 \u00fdaglylygyny\u0148, belogyny\u0148 mukdaryny\u0148 artmagyna getir\u00fd\u00e4r. Umumy oba hojalyk mallary we gu\u015flary \u00fdeti\u015fdirmek \u00fc\u00e7in edil\u00fd\u00e4n harajatlary\u0148 25% \u00e7enli peselmegine getir\u00fd\u00e4r.<\/p>\n
Bu ot-i\u00fdmleri \u00fdyly\u0148 dowamynda yzygiderli tapgyrla\u00fdyn \u00fdagda\u00fdda \u00fdeti\u015fdirip, ta\u00fd\u00fdarlap bol\u00fdar. Be\u00fdleki ot-i\u00fdmlik ekinler \u00fdaly uly me\u00fddanlary, d\u00f6k\u00fcni, suwy, agrotehniki \u00e7\u00e4releri, belli bir toprak-howa \u015fertlerini talap etme\u00fd\u00e4r. Emeli d\u00f6redilen \u00fdapyk \u015fertlerde suwy, d\u00f6k\u00fcni az mukdarda talap edip, ki\u00e7i me\u00fddandan k\u00f6p ot-i\u00fdm \u00f6nd\u00fcrm\u00e4ge m\u00fcmkin\u00e7ilik ber\u00fd\u00e4r. Ot-i\u00fdmleri saklamak \u00fc\u00e7in artykma\u00e7 \u00e7ykdajylar edilme\u00fd\u00e4r, seb\u00e4bi \u00fdyly\u0148 dowamynda zerur wagty \u00e7alt (7-8 g\u00fcn\u00fc\u0148 dowamynda) \u00fdeti\u015fdirm\u00e4ge m\u00fcmkin\u00e7ilik bol\u00fdar we howa-toprak \u015fertlerine bagly bolmazdan, bol \u00f6n\u00fcm alyn\u00fdar. Gidroponika usulynda ot-i\u00fdmleri ta\u00fd\u00fdarlamagy\u0148 \u00f6n\u00fcmliligi ta\u00fd\u00fdarlan\u00fdan me\u00fddanyna baglylykda 500-1000 kg\/gije-g\u00fcndize de\u0148 bol\u00fdar.<\/p>\n
Gidroponikada ot-i\u00fdmleri ta\u00fd\u00fdarlamak birn\u00e4\u00e7e tapgyrlardan dur\u00fdar: tohumlary ta\u00fd\u00fdarlamak, eki\u015f ge\u00e7irmek, g\u00f6k massany\u0148 artmagy, k\u00f6k ulgamyny\u0148 ulalmagy bolup dur\u00fdar. Bu ot-i\u00fdmler \u00fdagtylandyrylan we gara\u0148ky \u015fertlerde ta\u00fd\u00fdarlan\u00fdar. Gara\u0148ky \u015fertlerde ekilen tohumlar \u015finel\u00e4p, akja \u00f6serleri \u00e7ykanyndan so\u0148 mallara ot-i\u00fdm g\u00f6rn\u00fc\u015finde ulanyl\u00fdar. \u00ddagtylandyrylan usulynda bolsa \u00f6serler fotosintez ge\u00e7irip ba\u015fla\u00fdar we \u00fda\u015fyl re\u0148ke ge\u00e7ip ba\u015flanynan so\u0148 ot-i\u00fdmlik maksatlar \u00fc\u00e7in pe\u00fddalanyl\u00fdar. Gidroponikada ot-i\u00fdmi ta\u00fd\u00fdarlananda \u00fdapyk \u015fertlerde usulyna g\u00f6r\u00e4, 18 sagat \u00fdagtylandyrylyp \u00fda-da gara\u0148kylandyrylan \u015fertlerde 18-200C temperaturada, 65-75% \u00e7yglyklyk \u015fertleri d\u00f6redil\u00fd\u00e4r. Onu\u0148 \u00fc\u00e7in sa\u00fdlanyp alnan tohumlary bir gapda \u00e7yglandyryp, 24 sagat sakla\u00fdarlar, \u015fol d\u00f6w\u00fcrde tohumlary\u0148 guramazlygy \u00fc\u00e7in wagtal-wagtal \u00e7yglandyryp durmaly. \u015eondan so\u0148 1 kg tohumy alyp, 0,2 m2 ululykdaky \u00fd\u00f6rite d\u00f6rtbur\u00e7 gaplara belli bir galy\u0148lykda de\u0148 \u00fda\u00fdradylyp \u00fderle\u015fdirmeli. Tohumlary\u0148 \u00e7yglylygynyna, ot-i\u00fdmi\u0148 g\u00f6rn\u00fc\u015fine g\u00f6r\u00e4, wagtal-wagtal \u00e7yglandyrylyp, otagy\u0148 howasy \u00e7al\u015fyrylyp durulmaly. Bir \u00f6s\u00fc\u015f d\u00f6wr\u00fcnde, \u00fdagny 7-8 g\u00fcn\u00fc\u0148 dowamynda 2 litr suw har\u00e7lanmaly. \u015eol d\u00f6w\u00fcrde tohumlary\u0148 d\u00fcz\u00fcminde birn\u00e4\u00e7e hil we mukdar \u00fc\u00fdtge\u015fmeler bol\u00fdar. \u00d6serlerde mallar \u00fc\u00e7in has gymmatly i\u00fdmitlik maddalar toplan\u00fdar. \u00ddylylygy\u0148, \u00fdagtylygy\u0148 t\u00e4sirinde tohumlardaky \u00e4ti\u00fda\u00e7lyk maddalar \u00fde\u0148il \u00f6zle\u015f\u00fd\u00e4n maddalara \u00f6wr\u00fclip, oba hojalyk mallary we gu\u015flary \u00fc\u00e7in has gymmatly ot-i\u00fdm alyn\u00fdar.<\/p>\n
Oba hojalygyny\u0148 esasy ugurlaryny\u0148 biri bolan maldar\u00e7ylyk pudagyny\u0148 ot-i\u00fdm bin\u00fdadyny\u0148 gowulandyrylmagy, ot-i\u00fdmleri\u0148 d\u00fcrli g\u00f6rn\u00fc\u015flerini\u0148 oba hojalyk mallaryny, gu\u015flary i\u00fdmitlendirmekde ulanylmagy olary\u0148 et, s\u00fc\u00fdt, \u00fdumurtga \u00f6n\u00fcmliligini\u0148 \u00fdokarlanmagyna getir\u00fd\u00e4r.<\/p>\n
Firuza Dos\u00e7anowa <\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n T\u00fcrkmen oba hojalyk institutyny\u0148 Agronom\u00e7ylyk fakultetini\u0148 3-nji \u00fdyl talyby <\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n <\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":" Gidroponika usulynda ot-i\u00fdmler ta\u00fd\u00fdarlananda \u00f6s\u00fcmlikler topraksyz emeli gur\u015fawlarda \u00f6sd\u00fcrilip \u00fdeti\u015fdiril\u00fd\u00e4r. \u00d6s\u00fcmlikler i\u00fdmiti k\u00f6k ulgamyny gur\u015fap al\u00fdan i\u00fdmitli erginden al\u00fdarlar. Maldar\u00e7ylykda gidroponikada \u00fdeti\u015fdirilen ot-i\u00fdmleri\u0148 \u00e4hmi\u00fdeti \u00f6r\u00e4n uludyr. Gidroponika usulynda ta\u00fd\u00fdarlanan ot-i\u00fdmler mallara be\u00fdleki ot-i\u00fdmler bilen utga\u015fyklykda beril\u00fd\u00e4r. Bu ot-i\u00fdm be\u00fdleki ot-i\u00fdmler bilen utga\u015fyklykda mallara berlende olary\u0148 bedeninde madda \u00e7al\u015fygyny, fermentleri\u0148 i\u015fje\u0148ligini \u00fdokarlandyryp, be\u00fdleki ot-i\u00fdmleri\u0148 si\u0148\u0148itliligine o\u0148a\u00fdly […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":3,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[10],"tags":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/newsashgabat.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/22817"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/newsashgabat.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/newsashgabat.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/newsashgabat.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/3"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/newsashgabat.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=22817"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/newsashgabat.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/22817\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":22818,"href":"https:\/\/newsashgabat.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/22817\/revisions\/22818"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/newsashgabat.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=22817"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/newsashgabat.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=22817"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/newsashgabat.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=22817"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}