K\u00f6ne jemgy\u00fdet gurlu\u015fyndan t\u00e4ze jemgy\u00fdet gurlu\u015fyna ge\u00e7il\u00fd\u00e4n d\u00f6wr\u00fc\u0148 ba\u015fynda d\u00f6r\u00e4n \u015findi durnukly h\u00e4si\u00fdete e\u00fde bolup bilmedik d\u00fcrli-d\u00fcrli sosial toparlary\u0148 t\u00e4ze jemgy\u00fdeti\u0148 durnukly toparlaryna we gatlaklaryna \u00f6wr\u00fclmegi wagty hem jemgy\u00fdeti\u0148 \u00f6zgeri\u015fini\u0148 yzygiderliligini talap ed\u00fd\u00e4r. \u015eonu\u0148 \u00fc\u00e7in ge\u00e7i\u015f d\u00f6wr\u00fcni\u0148 ba\u015fynda jemgy\u00fdeti\u0148 sosial d\u00fcz\u00fcminde k\u00f6ne synplar, sosial toparlar bilen bir hatarda t\u00e4ze sosial toparlar we gatlaklar d\u00f6r\u00e4p, berk\u00e4p ba\u015fla\u00fdarlar. Bizi\u0148 jemgy\u00fdetimizde olary\u0148 \u00f6z ornuny tapyp berkemeginde d\u00f6wleti\u0148 a\u00fdratyn orny bardyr. M\u00fclkdarlary\u0148, teleke\u00e7ileri\u0148, k\u00e4rende\u00e7ileri\u0148 topary d\u00f6wleti\u0148 goldawy esasynda berk\u00e4p ba\u015flady. Hakyky haryt \u00f6nd\u00fcrijileri hususy\u00fdet\u00e7ileri d\u00f6retmeklik d\u00f6wleti\u0148 \u00fcns merkezinde boldy. H\u00e4zirki zaman t\u00fcrkmen jemgy\u00fdetini\u0148 gatlaklara b\u00f6l\u00fcn\u015fini gatlaklara b\u00f6l\u00fcji taryhy mehanizmleri\u0148 t\u00e4sirini g\u00f6z \u00f6\u0148\u00fcnde tutmazdan doly g\u00f6wr\u00fcmde d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcndirip bolmaz. Bu mehanizmler belli bir derejede t\u00fcrkmeni\u0148 medeni\u00fdetini\u0148 hem-de durmu\u015f tejribesini\u0148 a\u00fdratynlyklary bilen kesgitlen\u00fd\u00e4r. Gatlaklara b\u00f6l\u00fcnmeklige da\u015farky medeni\u00fdetleri\u0148 t\u00e4sirini hem hasaba almalydyr.<\/p>\n
T\u00fcrkmen medeni\u00fdetinde G\u00fcndogary\u0148 we G\u00fcnbatary\u0148 medeni gymmatlyklaryny \u00f6zle\u015fdirm\u00e4ge m\u00fcmkin\u00e7ilik ber\u00fd\u00e4n d\u00fcrli g\u00f6rn\u00fc\u015fli siwilizasion g\u00f6z\u00fckmeler toplanandyr. Araplardan t\u00fcrkmen medeni\u00fdeti dini esaslary (musulman\u00e7ylygy) miras al\u00fdar. XX asyrda jemg\u00fdeti\u0148 gurlu\u015fyna we onu\u0148 synpy d\u00fcz\u00fcmine sosialistik tejrib\u00e4ni\u0148 t\u00e4siri g\u00fc\u00fd\u00e7li boldy. T\u00fcrkmen jemgy\u00fdetini\u0148 stratifikasion b\u00f6l\u00fcn\u015figi G\u00fcnbatar \u00ddewropany\u0148 hem-de G\u00fcndogary\u0148 gatlaklara bol\u00fcni\u015f tendensi\u00fdalary bilen belli bir me\u0148ze\u015fligi bolup, \u015fol bir wagtda hem d\u00fc\u00fdpli a\u00fdratynlyga e\u00fde bolan \u00f6zgeri\u015f bol\u00fdar. \u00dc\u00e7\u00fcnji b\u00f6l\u00fcmde gara\u015fsyzlygy\u0148 ilkinji \u00fdyllarynda t\u00fcrkmen jemgy\u00fdetini\u0148 sosial d\u00fcz\u00fcminde bolup ge\u00e7en \u00fc\u00fdtge\u015fmeleri biz h\u00e4si\u00fdetlendiripdik. \u015eonda t\u00e4ze d\u00f6re\u00fd\u00e4n sosial toparlary\u0148 we gatlaklaiy\u0148 h\u00e4si\u00fdetine ge\u00e7en asyry\u0148 70-80-nji \u00fdyllaryndan synpy hem gatlakla\u00fdyn b\u00f6l\u00fcn\u015figini\u0148 t\u00e4sirini\u0148 n\u00e4 derejede g\u00fc\u00fd\u00e7l\u00fcdigi a\u00fddy\u0148 g\u00f6rkezilipdi. \u015eonu\u0148 bilen bir hatarda bu \u00fderde Gara\u015fsyzlygy\u0148 ilkinji \u00fdyllarynda sosial gurama\u00e7ylygy\u0148 we \u00fda\u015f\u015fa\u00fdy\u015f hereketini\u0148 gymmatlykla\u00fdyn g\u00f6z\u00fckmesini\u0148 g\u00f6zlegi hem a\u00e7ylyp g\u00f6rkezilipdi. \u00ddurtda edarala\u00fdyn-kanun\u00e7ylyk esasynda e\u00fde\u00e7iligi\u0148 we ykdysady i\u015fi\u0148 sub\u00fdektlerini\u0148 d\u00fcrli g\u00f6rn\u00fc\u015flerini\u0148, \u015fol sanda d\u00f6wleti\u0148ki d\u00e4l sektory kemala gelip ba\u015flady. Olara d\u00f6wleti\u0148 k\u00e4rhanalaryny\u0148 i\u015fg\u00e4rlerini\u0148 uly b\u00f6legi ge\u00e7ip ba\u015flady. Kem-kemden ara\u00e7ylyk i\u015fler, hyzmat, mali\u00fde-bank operasi\u00fdalary bilen me\u015fgul bol\u00fdan adamlary\u0148 sany art\u00fdar. \u00ddurtda bazar gatna\u015fyklary bilen baglany\u015fykly t\u00e4ze i\u015flerde i\u015fle\u00fd\u00e4n adam toparlary kemala gelip ba\u015fla\u00fdar – pa\u00fddarlar we hususy k\u00e4rhanalary\u0148 menejerleri, gymmat bahaly kagyzlary bahala\u00fdan h\u00fcn\u00e4rmenler we ba\u015fgalar. T\u00fcrkmen jemgy\u00fdetinde teleke\u00e7iler gatna\u015fygyny\u0148 kemala gelmegi bilen bagly i\u015f \u00f6zbolu\u015flylyga e\u00fde bol\u00fdar. Bu gatlagy\u0148 manysyny, d\u00fcz\u00fcmini we statusyny a\u0148lamaklyk \u015fol d\u00f6w\u00fcrde \u00fde\u0148il bolmady. Ol \u00fda-da be\u00fdleki i\u015fg\u00e4ri\u0148 bu gatlaga degi\u015fliligini kesgitle\u00fd\u00e4n iki h\u00e4si\u00fdetnama – girdeji alamak maksady bilen hojalyk gur\u015fawyndaky hereket; ykdysady erkinlilik, \u00fda-da hojalyk i\u015fleri\u0148 netijeliligi \u00fc\u00e7in \u015fahsy jogapk\u00e4r\u00e7ilik hem-de \u00f6zba\u015fdak karara gelmeklik bilen baglany\u015fykly hukuklary\u0148 we jogapk\u00e4rligi\u0148 barlygydyr. T\u00fcrkmen jemgy\u00fdetinde bu gatlak kem-kemden gal\u0148a\u00fdar.<\/p>\n
\u015eol d\u00f6w\u00fcrde bu gatlagy\u0148 wekilleri \u00f6zlerini \u00f6z sosial-h\u00fcn\u00e4r statusy bilen d\u00fc\u00fdpli baglap bilm\u00e4ndiklerine garamazdan olar bizi\u0148 jemgy\u00fdetimizd\u00e4ki be\u00fdleki gatlaklardan hem toparlardan tapawutlan\u00fdarlar. Teleke\u00e7iler i\u015f bilen me\u015fgul bol\u00fdanlary\u0148 d\u00fcz\u00fcmle\u00fdin \u00fc\u00fdtgemeklik i\u015finde belli bir orun e\u00fdelediler. Olary\u0148 \u00fcsti bilen i\u015fg\u00e4rler wagtyny ge\u00e7iren we zerurlyklary kanagatlandyryp bilme\u00fd\u00e4n \u00f6n\u00fcm\u00e7ilikden t\u00e4ze d\u00f6re\u00fd\u00e4n \u00f6n\u00fcm\u00e7ilige ge\u00e7ip ba\u015fladylar. E\u00fde\u00e7iligi\u0148 t\u00e4ze g\u00f6rn\u00fc\u015flerini\u0148 d\u00f6remekligi we i\u015fg\u00e4rleri\u0148 d\u00fcz\u00fcmle\u00fdin ba\u015fga ugurlara ge\u00e7mekligi bilen baglany\u015fykly \u00e7yl\u015fyrymly hadysalar \u015findi hukuk demokratik proseduralary\u0148 \u00fdetmezlik, sosial infrastrukturalary\u0148 gow\u015faklyk ed\u00fd\u00e4n d\u00f6wr\u00fcnde boldy. Bular \u015fol d\u00f6w\u00fcrde d\u00f6re\u00fd\u00e4n t\u00e4ze d\u00fcz\u00fcmlere we gatna\u015fyklara \u00f6z t\u00e4sirini \u00fdetirdiler. I\u015fg\u00e4rler t\u00e4ze \u00f6n\u00fcm\u00e7ilik g\u00f6rn\u00fc\u015flerine di\u0148e bir sosial netijeliligi bolmadyk \u00f6n\u00fcm\u00e7ilikden d\u00e4l, e\u00fdsem, jemgy\u00fdete gerekli, \u00fd\u00f6ne birbada netijeliligi berip bilmedik \u00f6n\u00fcm\u00e7ilikden hem \u00e7ykdylar. \u015eonda \u00fdokary derjeli h\u00fcn\u00e4rmenleri\u0148 t\u00e4jir\u00e7ilik d\u00fcz\u00fcmine ge\u00e7mekleri k\u00e4halatlarda \u00f6r\u00e4n o\u0148a\u00fdsyz netijelere, \u00fdagny girdejileri\u0148 \u00fdokarlanmagy \u00fc\u00e7in h\u00fcn\u00e4r ussatlygy \u00fditirmeklige getir\u00fd\u00e4n \u00fdagda\u00fdlary hem boldy. \u015ee\u00fdlelikde, orta synpy\u0148 kemala gelmeginde esasy orny e\u00fdelemeli gatlaklary\u0148 \u00f6z statusyny \u00fditiren \u00fdagda\u00fdlary az bolmady. Olary\u0148 wekillerini\u0148 has girdejisiz toparlara \u00fda-da ba\u015fga statusly d\u00fcz\u00fcmlere ge\u00e7enleri boldy. Bu bolsa, \u00f6zgeri\u015flere o\u0148a\u00fdsyz t\u00e4sir ed\u00fd\u00e4r. \u015eu \u00fdagda\u00fdlar g\u00f6z \u00f6\u0148\u00fcnde tutulyp, \u00f6n\u00fcm\u00e7ilikde t\u00e4ze i\u015few\u00fcr toparlary\u0148 we gatlaklary\u0148 d\u00f6remegine a\u00fdratyn \u00fcns berildi. \u015eonda \u00f6n\u00fcm\u00e7iligi guramak, ony h\u00f6weslendirmek, b\u00fctin ykdysady\u00fdeti dolandyrmak, e\u00fde\u00e7iligi\u0148 t\u00e4ze g\u00f6rn\u00fc\u015flerine \u00fdol a\u00e7mak, uzak \u00fdyllar dowamynda toplanan jemgy\u00fdet\u00e7ilik eml\u00e4gini t\u00e4zeden pa\u00fdlamak d\u00f6wleti dolandyrmaklygy\u0148 wajyp \u015fertine \u00f6wr\u00fcl\u00fd\u00e4r. Bu wezipeleri \u00fderine \u00fdetirmeklik \u00fc\u00e7in d\u00f6wleti\u0148 elinde gerek bolan m\u00fcmkin\u00e7ilikler bar. Onu\u0148 elinde maddy, ykdysady, sosial, sy\u00fdasy, hukuk, medeni, gurama\u00e7ylyk ry\u00e7aglary bar. Olary\u0148 \u00fcsti bilen d\u00f6wlet t\u00e4ze sosial toparlary\u0148 jemgy\u00fdetde berkemeklerine \u00f6z t\u00e4sirini \u00fdetir\u00fd\u00e4r. Ol karzlar, ygty\u00fdarnamalar bermek, salgyt, nyrhlar, inwestisi\u00fdalar, \u00fde\u0148illikler sy\u00fdasaty arkaly hususy\u00fdet\u00e7ileri\u0148 \u00f6smegine k\u00f6mek ber\u00fd\u00e4r. \u015ee\u00fdle aladany\u0148 netijesinde t\u00e4ze sosial toparlar jemgy\u00fdetde, onu\u0148 ykdysady\u00fdetinde kem-kemden \u00f6z ornuny tapyp ba\u015fla\u00fdarlar.<\/p>\n
\u00a0Muhammedow Sylap <\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n T\u00fcrkmenistany\u0148 Telekommunikasi\u00fdalar we Informatika institutyny\u0148 Maglumat Tehnologi\u00fdalary we programmirleme fakultetini\u0148 hasapla\u00fdy\u015f toparyny\u0148 programma \u00fcpj\u00fcn\u00e7iligi h\u00fcn\u00e4rini\u0148 1-nji \u00fdyl talyby <\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n <\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":" K\u00f6ne jemgy\u00fdet gurlu\u015fyndan t\u00e4ze jemgy\u00fdet gurlu\u015fyna ge\u00e7il\u00fd\u00e4n d\u00f6wr\u00fc\u0148 ba\u015fynda d\u00f6r\u00e4n \u015findi durnukly h\u00e4si\u00fdete e\u00fde bolup bilmedik d\u00fcrli-d\u00fcrli sosial toparlary\u0148 t\u00e4ze jemgy\u00fdeti\u0148 durnukly toparlaryna we gatlaklaryna \u00f6wr\u00fclmegi wagty hem jemgy\u00fdeti\u0148 \u00f6zgeri\u015fini\u0148 yzygiderliligini talap ed\u00fd\u00e4r. \u015eonu\u0148 \u00fc\u00e7in ge\u00e7i\u015f d\u00f6wr\u00fcni\u0148 ba\u015fynda jemgy\u00fdeti\u0148 sosial d\u00fcz\u00fcminde k\u00f6ne synplar, sosial toparlar bilen bir hatarda t\u00e4ze sosial toparlar we gatlaklar d\u00f6r\u00e4p, berk\u00e4p […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":3,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[10],"tags":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/newsashgabat.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/22984"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/newsashgabat.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/newsashgabat.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/newsashgabat.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/3"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/newsashgabat.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=22984"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/newsashgabat.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/22984\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":22985,"href":"https:\/\/newsashgabat.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/22984\/revisions\/22985"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/newsashgabat.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=22984"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/newsashgabat.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=22984"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/newsashgabat.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=22984"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}