Baglany\u015fylan azot \u00f6n\u00fcm\u00e7iligi esasan NH4NO3, CO(NH2)2 azot d\u00f6k\u00fcnlerini \u00f6nd\u00fcrmek bilen me\u015fgullan\u00fdar. Munda esasy b\u00f6l\u00fcm \u2013 NH3 sintezi. H\u00e4zirki wagtda ammiak \u00f6n\u00fcm\u00e7iliginde tebigy \u00fda-da ugurda\u015f duzlary konwersi\u00fda etmek \u00fc\u00e7in d\u00fcrli usullar ulanyl\u00fdar. Konwertirlenen gazy CO2-den arassalamak \u00fc\u00e7in monoetanolamin suw \u00fda-da suw-a\u015fgar erginlerini\u0148 absobsi\u00fdasy ulanyl\u00fdar. Gazdan CO-ny \u00e7ykarmak \u00fc\u00e7in bolsa mis-ammiak ergini \u00fda-da suwuk azoty\u0148 absobsi\u00fdasy ulanyl\u00fdar. Bu prosesleri\u0148 hemmesinde akyndy suwlary emele gel\u00fd\u00e4rler. \u015ee\u00fdle hem akyndy suwlar enjamlar \u00fduwulanda, gazanlar buglananda, kompressorlar sowadylanda we ba\u015fgalarda d\u00f6re\u00fd\u00e4rler. Ammiagy\u0148 sintezinde akyndy suwu\u0148 iki g\u00f6rn\u00fc\u015fi emele gel\u00fd\u00e4r: 1) \u201c\u015eertli arassa\u201d akyndy suwlar. Bulary \u00fd\u00f6rite arassalamak gerek d\u00e4l we olar a\u00fdlawly suw\u00fcpj\u00fcn\u00e7iliginde ulanyl\u00fdar. 2) hapalanan akyndy suwlar bulary\u0148 d\u00fcz\u00fcminde tehnologik shemasyny\u0148 d\u00fcrli b\u00f6leklerinde emele gel\u00fd\u00e4n zy\u0148yndylar saklan\u00fdar \u2013 organiki we organiki d\u00e4l maddalar bolan \u00fdaglar, a\u015fgarlar uglerod oksidleri, ammiak, mis we ba\u015fgalar. \u015eo\u0148a g\u00f6r\u00e4de bu akyndy suwlardaky d\u00fcrli maddalar d\u00fcrli usullar arkaly arassalan\u00fdar. Akyndy suwlary ammi\u00fdakdan arassalamak \u00fc\u00e7in elektrodializ, bug bilen kowmak, ionit we be\u00fdleki usullar ulanyl\u00fdar. Meselem 0,2-1,0 g\/l ammiak saklan\u00fdan suwy KU-2 kationiti doly arassala\u00fdar. Onu\u0148 dinamiki sygymy bolsa mg-ekw\/g. Kationiti regenirasi\u00fdasy 10%-li H2SO4 bilen amala a\u015fyryl\u00fdar. Ionit usuly akyndy suwlary misden arassalamak \u00fc\u00e7in hem ulanyl\u00fdar. Karbomid \u00f6n\u00fcm\u00e7iliginde akyndy suwlary\u0148 mukdary orta\u00e7a 1 tonna karbomid \u00fc\u00e7in 211-241 m3 bol\u00fdar. \u015eol sanda \u00fd\u00f6rite arassalamagy talap etme\u00fd\u00e4ni 210-240 m3, hapalanany 0,8-1,05 m3.<\/p>\n
Ammiak seltrasy \u00f6n\u00fcm\u00e7iliginde akyndy suwlary\u0148 \u00e7e\u015fmesi esasan HNO3 ammiak bilen ne\u00fdtralla\u015fdyrylanda emele gel\u00fd\u00e4n \u015fire buglaryny\u0148 kondensatlaryny\u0148, \u015fe\u00fdle hem akyndy suwlar enjamlary\u0148, polu\u0148 we be\u00fdlekileri\u0148 \u00fduwulmagy netijesinde emele gel\u00fd\u00e4rler. Kondensaty 2 tapgyrda arassala\u00fdarlar: 1) suwdaky NH4+ iony\u0148 KU-2 kationity bilen bolup \u00e7ykaryl\u00fdar. 2) Suwdaky NO3- ionlaryny anionitler bilen a\u00fdyr\u00fdarlar.(meselem AN-2F we \u015f.m.). so\u0148ky wagtlar bizi\u0148 \u015fertlerimizde ammiagy\u0148 a\u00fdyrmak \u00fc\u00e7in \u00fderli Bathyz seolitleri hem ulanylyp ba\u015flady. M\u00e4lim bol\u015fy \u00fdaly, azot kislotasyny\u0148 \u00f6n\u00fcm\u00e7iligi bolsa ammiagy\u0148 okislendirilmesi netijesinde azoty\u0148 d\u00fcrli oksidlerini\u0148 emele gelmesi bilen baglan\u015fyklydyr. So\u0148ky d\u00f6w\u00fcrlerde gow\u015fak azot kislotasyny\u0148 tehnologi\u00fdasyny\u0148 k\u00e4mille\u015fdirilmegi bu zy\u0148yndylary\u0148 azalmagyna getir\u00fd\u00e4r.<\/p>\n
T\u00fcrkmenistany\u0148 alymlary Hormatly Prezidentimizi\u0148 g\u00f6rkezmelerini\u0148 ugur alyp \u00fderli \u00e7yg mallary rejeli pe\u00fddalanmak, senagat, oba-hojalyk akyndy suwlaryny arassalamak we kompleks ulanmak bo\u00fdun\u00e7a t\u00e4ze tehnologi\u00fdalary d\u00f6red\u00fd\u00e4rler we \u00f6n\u00fcm\u00e7ilige orna\u015fdyr\u00fdarlar. Hususanda, olar tarapyndan g\u00fcnbatar T\u00fcrkmenistany\u0148 \u00fdod-brom, Garabogazy\u0148 \u015ferebeli suwlaryny, Gowurdagy\u0148 selestin magdanlaryny we be\u00fdleki mineral ba\u00fdlyklary toplumla\u00fdyn i\u015flemekligi\u0148 tehnologi\u00fdalary, senagat zy\u0148yndy suwlary arassalamaklygy\u0148 usullary i\u015flenip d\u00fcz\u00fcldi we \u00f6n\u00fcm\u00e7ilik .synagyndan \u00fcst\u00fcnlikli ge\u00e7di.<\/p>\n
Bu bolsa ekologik sowatlygy\u0148 we bilimi\u0148 \u00e4hmi\u00fdetini hasda artdyr\u00fdar. Bu ugurda mekdep okuw\u00e7ylary\u0148, talyplary\u0148, h\u00fcn\u00e4rmenleri\u0148, \u00fdolba\u015f\u00e7ylary\u0148 we be\u00fdleki hojalyk\u00e7ylary\u0148 arasynda d\u00fcrli \u00fdollar bilen ekologiki bilimi we terbi\u00fd\u00e4ni has-da g\u00fc\u00fd\u00e7lendirmek talap edil\u00fd\u00e4r. Munu\u0148 \u00fc\u00e7in \u00e4hli bilim ojaklary, k\u00f6p\u00e7\u00fclikle\u00fdin habar beri\u015f seri\u015fdeleri, jemgi\u00fdet\u00e7ilik guramalary we be\u00fdleki m\u00fcmkin\u00e7ilikleri gi\u0148den ulanylmalydyr. Seb\u00e4bi \u00fda\u015fa\u00fdy\u015f we bereket \u00e7e\u015fmesi bolan topragy, suwy we howany gorap saklamak bizi\u0148 \u00e4hlimizi\u0148 jana-jan borjumyzdyr.<\/p>\n
\u00a0Mamudowa Le\u00fdla <\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n T\u00fcrkmen oba hojalyk institutyny\u0148 <\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n \u00a0Agronom\u00e7ylyk fakultetini\u0148 Agrohimi\u00fda we topragy \u00f6wreni\u015f h\u00fcn\u00e4rini\u0148 401-nji topar\u00e7asyny\u0148 talyby <\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n <\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":" Baglany\u015fylan azot \u00f6n\u00fcm\u00e7iligi esasan NH4NO3, CO(NH2)2 azot d\u00f6k\u00fcnlerini \u00f6nd\u00fcrmek bilen me\u015fgullan\u00fdar. Munda esasy b\u00f6l\u00fcm \u2013 NH3 sintezi. H\u00e4zirki wagtda ammiak \u00f6n\u00fcm\u00e7iliginde tebigy \u00fda-da ugurda\u015f duzlary konwersi\u00fda etmek \u00fc\u00e7in d\u00fcrli usullar ulanyl\u00fdar. Konwertirlenen gazy CO2-den arassalamak \u00fc\u00e7in monoetanolamin suw \u00fda-da suw-a\u015fgar erginlerini\u0148 absobsi\u00fdasy ulanyl\u00fdar. Gazdan CO-ny \u00e7ykarmak \u00fc\u00e7in bolsa mis-ammiak ergini \u00fda-da suwuk azoty\u0148 absobsi\u00fdasy ulanyl\u00fdar. […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":3,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[10],"tags":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/newsashgabat.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/23035"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/newsashgabat.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/newsashgabat.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/newsashgabat.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/3"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/newsashgabat.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=23035"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/newsashgabat.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/23035\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":23036,"href":"https:\/\/newsashgabat.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/23035\/revisions\/23036"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/newsashgabat.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=23035"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/newsashgabat.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=23035"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/newsashgabat.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=23035"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}