Jemgy\u00fdeti\u0148 sosial strukturasy bilen baglany\u015fykly meseleler \u201cSosiologi\u00fda\u201d dersinde gi\u0148i\u015fle\u00fdin be\u00fdan edil\u00fd\u00e4r.T\u00e4ze d\u00f6re\u00fd\u00e4n sosial toparlar, gatlaklar we synplar ozalkylardan b\u00fctinle\u00fd di\u00fden \u00fdaly tapawutlan\u00fdarlar. \u015eonu\u0148 \u00fdaly-da bu \u00f6zgeri\u015fleri der\u0148emeklik \u00fc\u00e7in ulanyl\u00fdan ylmy \u00e7emele\u015fmeleri hem di\u0148e marksistik gara\u00fdy\u015f bilen \u00e7\u00e4klemeklik hakykylygy a\u00e7maklyga k\u00f6mek edip bilme\u00fd\u00e4r. T\u00e4ze Galkyny\u015f e\u00fd\u00fdamynda t\u00fcrkmen jemgy\u00fdetini\u0148 sosial d\u00fcz\u00fcminde bolup ge\u00e7en \u00fc\u00fdtge\u015fiklikler barada s\u00f6hbete ge\u00e7mezden ozal jemgy\u00fdeti\u0148 sosial d\u00fcz\u00fcmi baradaky taglymatlary\u0148 k\u00e4birini\u0148 \u00fcst\u00fcnde durup ge\u00e7eli\u0148. Jemgy\u00fdet \u00fd\u00f6ne bir m\u00e4helle \u00fc\u00fd\u015fmele\u0148i bolup bilme\u00fd\u00e4r. Onu\u0148 h\u00f6kmany suratda sosial d\u00fcz\u00fcmi we d\u00fcz\u00fcm b\u00f6lekleri bol\u00fdar. \u00d6zara gatna\u015fykda we baglany\u015fykda bol\u00fdan sosial toparlary\u0148, \u015fonu\u0148 \u00fdaly-da sosial edaralary\u0148 birle\u015fmesi hem olary\u0148 \u00f6zara t\u00e4sirleri sosial d\u00fcz\u00fcmi d\u00f6red\u00fd\u00e4r. Sosial d\u00fcz\u00fcmi\u0148 barlygy we onu\u0148 \u00f6s\u00fc\u015fini\u0148 mehanizmi adam hereketini\u0148 ulgamynda \u00fderle\u015f\u00fd\u00e4r. \u00dda\u015famaklyk \u00fc\u00e7in adamlar belli bar gatna\u015fyklara giri\u015f\u00fd\u00e4rler, toparlara birig\u00fd\u00e4rler, \u00f6zara wezipeleri b\u00f6l\u00fc\u015f\u00fd\u00e4rler. Topar d\u00f6retmeklik i\u015finde z\u00e4hmet b\u00f6l\u00fcn\u015figi kesgitle\u00fdji orna e\u00fde bol\u00fdar. Onu\u0148 sosial gatna\u015fyklary\u0148 taryhyny d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcndirmeklikd\u00e4ki \u00e4hmi\u00fdeti hem uly. Sosial gatna\u015fyklar sosial toparlary\u0148 we edaralary\u0148 arasyndaky durnukly hem kadala\u015fan gurama\u00e7ylyk-tehniki, ykdysady, a\u0148y\u00fdet baglany\u015fyklary\u0148 biri-biri bilen gaty\u015fmasy bol\u00fdar. Sosial toparlary\u0148 islegleri we b\u00e4hbitleri jemgy\u00fdet\u00e7ilik gatna\u015fyklary\u0148 a\u00fdratyn g\u00f6rn\u00fc\u015fi bolan sosial gatna\u015fyklara ulgamla\u00fdyn hem bitewile\u00fdin h\u00e4si\u00fdeti ber\u00fd\u00e4r. Jemgy\u00fdeti\u0148 sosial d\u00fcz\u00fcmini d\u00fcrli sosial toparlar, sosiai edaralar we z\u00e4hmet a\u00fdratynlygy hem jemgy\u00fdetd\u00e4ki orny bilen tapawutlan\u00fdan sosial gatlaklar d\u00fcz\u00fd\u00e4rler. Sosial toparlar sosial gatna\u015fyklar ulgamyndaky ornuna, \u00f6zlerini\u0148 isleglerine we b\u00e4hbitlerine, \u015fonu\u0148 \u00fdaly-da \u00f6zlerini\u0148 o\u0148la\u00fdan gymmatlyklaryna g\u00f6r\u00e4 kemala gel\u00fd\u00e4rler. Sosial edara adam hereketini\u0148 d\u00fcrli gur\u015fawlaryny sazla\u015fdyr\u00fdan d\u00fczg\u00fcnleri\u0148, kadalary\u0148 we \u00fd\u00f6relgeleri\u0148 toplumydyr. Sosial edara adam hereketini d\u00fcrli rollary\u0148 we statuslary\u0148 ulgamy g\u00f6rn\u00fc\u015fine getirip, sosial ulgamy gurna\u00fdar. Bu \u00fderde sosial edara belli bir durmu\u015fy islegleri kanagatlandyrmaklyga g\u00f6n\u00fckdirilen orunlary\u0148 we statuslary\u0148 jemi bolup \u00e7yky\u015f ed\u00fd\u00e4r. Jemgy\u00fdeti\u0148 sosial d\u00fcz\u00fcmi \u00f6zara baglany\u015fykly toparlary\u0148 we edaralary\u0148 durnuklylygyny hem netijeli hereketini \u00fcpj\u00fcn ed\u00fd\u00e4r. Jemgy\u00fdeti\u0148 sosial d\u00fcz\u00fcmi barada d\u00fcrli hili taglymatlar bar. Olar: sosial de\u0148sizlik taglymaty; synpy tag- lymat; sosial edaralar taglymaty. Sosial de\u0148sizlik taglymaty\u0148 a\u00fdratynlygy. Bu taglymat a\u00fdry-a\u00fdry \u015fahsy\u00fdetleri\u0148 we jemgy\u00fdet\u00e7ilik toparlary\u0148 jemgy\u00fdetde tut\u00fdan ornuny g\u00f6rkezmeklik \u00fc\u00e7in \u201csosial statius\u201d di\u00fden d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnj\u00e4ni giriz\u00fd\u00e4r. \u015eonda sosial d\u00fcz\u00fcm-jemgy\u00fdetd\u00e4ki derejeleri\u0148 ulgamy h\u00f6km\u00fcnde a\u0148ladyl\u00fdar. Jemgy\u00fdeti\u0148 \u00e4hli g\u00f6rn\u00fc\u015flerinde de\u0148sizlik bolupdyr. Hatda adamlary\u0148 ba\u00fdlyk derejesi bilen tapawutlanma\u00fdan \u00fd\u00f6ntem jemgy\u00fdet gurlu\u015flarynda erkek bilen zenanlary\u0148, \u00fda\u015fuly nesiller bilen \u00fda\u015fki\u00e7i nesilleri\u0148 arasynda tapawut bolan. Ol \u00fda-da be\u00fdleki adam jemgy\u00fdetde \u015fowly aw\u00e7ylyk, miwe \u00fdygnamak ba\u015farnygy bilen we ba\u015fga i\u015flere g\u00f6r\u00e4 \u00fdokary dereje e\u00fdel\u00e4p bilen. Jemgy\u00fdeti \u00f6wren\u00fd\u00e4n ylymlarda de\u0148sizligi\u0148 d\u00fcrli g\u00f6rn\u00fc\u015flerini suratlandyrmaklyk \u00fc\u00e7in sosial stratifikasi\u00fda adalgasy ulanyl\u00fdar. Stratifikasi\u00fda d\u00fcrli adam toparlaryny\u0148 arasynda bar bolan d\u00fcz\u00fcm de\u0148sizligi h\u00f6km\u00fcnde kesgitlen\u00fd\u00e4r. Jemgy\u00fdeti, onu\u0148 ierarhiki d\u00fcz\u00fcminde stratalar g\u00f6rn\u00fc\u015finde g\u00f6z \u00f6\u0148\u00fcne getirse bol\u00fdar. \u00dde\u0148illiklerden pe\u00fddalan\u00fdan adamlardan dur\u00fdan stratalar ierarhiki d\u00fcz\u00fcmi\u0148 i\u0148 \u00fdokarsynda \u00fderle\u015f\u00fd\u00e4rler. I\u0148 az \u00fde\u0148illiklere e\u00fde bolan adamlardan dur\u00fdan stratalar bolsa onu\u0148 esasynda bol\u00fdarlar. Stratifikasi\u00fda ulgamyny\u0148 esasy bolup: gul\u00e7ulyk, gatlak we synp \u00e7yky\u015f ed\u00fd\u00e4rler. Gul\u00e7ulykda a\u00fdratyn adamy\u0148 ba\u015fga birini\u0148 e\u00fde\u00e7iligi bolany seb\u00e4pli, ol de\u0148sizligi\u0148 g\u00f6ze d\u00fcrtme g\u00f6rn\u00fc\u015fi bol\u00fdar. D\u00fcrli jemgy\u00fdetlerde gul\u00e7ulyk d\u00fcrli g\u00f6rn\u00fc\u015flere e\u00fde bolan we wagty\u0148 ge\u00e7megi bilen ol de\u0148sizligi\u0148 be\u00fdleki g\u00f6rn\u00fc\u015flerine \u00f6z omuny beren. Adaty jemgy\u00fdetde sosial gatlaklar ulgamy berk\u00e4p ba\u015fla\u00fdar. Adaty t\u00fcrkmen jemgy\u00fdetinde hanlar we begzadalar \u00fdokary gatlagy d\u00fczen bolsalar, ruhanylar ortaky gatlagy d\u00fczenler. Da\u00fdhanlary, s\u00f6wd\u00e4g\u00e4rleri we ba\u015fgalary birikdir\u00fd\u00e4n \u00fc\u00e7inji gatlak garama\u00fdaklar gatlagy bolan. Synplary uly adam toparlary g\u00f6rn\u00fc\u015finde kesgitlese bolar. Olar \u00f6zlerini\u0148 \u00fda\u015fa\u00fdy\u015f g\u00f6rn\u00fc\u015flerine g\u00fc\u00fd\u00e7li t\u00e4sir ed\u00fd\u00e4n durmu\u015fy-ykdysady ba\u00fdlyklary bilen biri-birinden tapawutlan\u00fdarlar. De\u0148sizligi\u0148 \u015fu we be\u00fdleki g\u00f6rn\u00fc\u015flerini a\u00e7yp g\u00f6rkez\u00fd\u00e4n d\u00fcrli taglymatlar bar. Olary\u0148 i\u00e7inde h\u00e4zirki d\u00f6w\u00fcrde K.Marks we M.Weber tarapyndan i\u015flenip d\u00fcz\u00fclen jemgy\u00fdeti\u0148 sosial d\u00fczimi baradaky taglymatlar t\u00e4sirli bol\u00fdar. Olar a\u00fdry-a\u00fdry \u015fahsy\u00fdetleri\u0148 we jemgy\u00fdet\u00e7ilik toparlary\u0148 jemgy\u00fdetde tut\u00fdan ornuny, sosial status d\u00fc\u015finjesini\u0148 manysyny a\u00e7maklyga, sosial d\u00fcz\u00fcme jemgy\u00fdetd\u00e4ki statusla\u0148 ulgamy h\u00f6km\u00fcnde a\u0148lamaga k\u00f6mek ed\u00fd\u00e4rler. Karl Marks (1818-1883) nemes filosofy, ykdysady\u00fdet\u00e7idir. Onu\u0148 jemgy\u00fdeti\u0148 sosial d\u00fcz\u00fcmi baradaky taglymaty taryhy \u00f6s\u00fc\u015fe e\u00fde\u00e7ilige we ba\u00fdlyga g\u00f6zeg\u00e7ilik \u00fc\u00e7in g\u00f6re\u015fi\u0148 gerekliginden gelip \u00e7yk\u00fdar. Z\u00e4hmet b\u00f6l\u00fcn\u015figi esasynda \u00fd\u00fcze \u00e7yk\u00fdan bu g\u00f6re\u015fi\u0148 netijesinde gapma-gar\u015fylykly b\u00e4hbitlere e\u00fde bolan synplar d\u00f6re\u00fd\u00e4r. Taryhy\u0148 d\u00fcrli d\u00f6w\u00fcrlerinde agalyk ed\u00fd\u00e4n \u00f6n\u00fcm\u00e7ilik usulyna g\u00f6r\u00e4 synplary\u0148 tebigaty \u00fc\u00fdtge\u00fd\u00e4r. \u015ee\u00fdlelikde, kapitalizmi\u0148 \u015fertlerinde \u00f6z z\u00e4hmeti bilen ba\u00fdlyklary d\u00f6red\u00fd\u00e4nleri\u0148 hem-de \u00f6n\u00fcm\u00e7ilik seri\u015fdelerini\u0148 e\u00fdelerini\u0148 arasynda dawa \u00fd\u00fcze \u00e7yk\u00fdar. Marksy\u0148 pikiri\u00e7e antogonistik toparlary\u0148 arasyndaky dartgynlyk sosial \u00f6zgeri\u015fi\u0148 \u00e7e\u015fmesidir. \u015eonu\u0148 \u00fc\u00e7in onu\u0148 taglymatyny synplary\u0148 g\u00f6re\u015fi baradaky taglymat di\u00fdip atlandyrsa bolar. XX asyry\u0148 agyr we kyn sapaklary jemgy\u00fdeti\u0148 \u00f6zgeri\u015fine di\u0148e synplary\u0148 biri-birine gar\u015fy durmaklaryny\u0148, g\u00f6re\u015fini\u0148 netijesi h\u00f6km\u00fcnde d\u00e4l-de, ol \u00f6zgeri\u015fe sosial toparlary\u0148 hem gatlaklary\u0148 sazla\u015fygyny\u0148 netijesi h\u00f6km\u00fcnde garamaklygy talap ed\u00fd\u00e4r. \u015ee\u00fdle gara\u00fdy\u015f has hem d\u00fc\u00fdpli \u00f6zgeri\u015fler d\u00f6wr\u00fcnde milli bitewilik barada alada etmekligi\u0148 gerekligini g\u00f6rkez\u00fd\u00e4r. \u015eonu\u0148 \u00fc\u00e7in marksizm h\u00e4zirki jemgy\u00fdeti\u0148 sosial d\u00fcz\u00fcminde bolup ge\u00e7\u00fd\u00e4n \u00f6zgeri\u015fleri doly h\u00e4si\u00fdetlendirip bilme\u00fd\u00e4r. M.Weber (1864-1920) nemes filosofy, sosiology, taryh\u00e7ysydyr. Ol jemgy\u00fdeti\u0148 synplara b\u00f6l\u00fcnmekligini\u0148 esasyny ykdysady \u015fertleri\u0148 d\u00fcz\u00fd\u00e4nligi barada K.Marks bilen ylala\u015f\u00fdar. \u015eol bir wagtda hem onu\u0148 pikiri\u00e7e synplara b\u00f6l\u00fcnmeklik di\u0148e bir adamy\u0148 e\u00fde\u00e7ilige e\u00fde bolmaklygy \u00fda-da \u00f6n\u00fcm\u00e7ilik seri\u015fdelerine doly \u00fda-da \u00e7\u00e4kli g\u00f6zeg\u00e7iligi bilen kesgitlenm\u00e4n, e\u00fdsem, e\u00fde\u00e7ilige g\u00f6ni dahylly bolmadyk ykdysady tapawut bilen hem kesgitlen\u00fd\u00e4r. Olar meselem, i\u015fg\u00e4ri\u0148 hereketini\u0148 g\u00f6rn\u00fc\u015fini kesgitle\u00fd\u00e4n i\u015f endigi we h\u00fcn\u00e4rmenlik derejesi bolup bilerler. Jemgy\u00fdeti\u0148 synplara b\u00f6l\u00fcnmegini\u0148 bir esasy h\u00f6km\u00fcnde h\u00fcn\u00e4rmenlik derejesi, diplomy\u0148 barlygy, i\u015fg\u00e4ri\u0148 ba\u015farnygy hem bolup biler. \u015eonu\u0148 \u00fdaly-da Weber stratifikasi\u00fda ulgamyny\u0148 esasy h\u00f6km\u00fcnde adamy\u0148 statusyny we onu\u0148 parti\u00fda degi\u015fliligini g\u00f6rkez\u00fd\u00e4r. Status sosial toparlary\u0148 \u00fda-da adamlary\u0148 arasyndaky tapawudy, olary\u0148 jemgy\u00fdetde e\u00fdele\u00fd\u00e4n orny bilen tapawutlandyr\u00fdar. Di\u00fdmek, status takyk hukuklara we bor\u00e7lara e\u00fde bolan adamy\u0148 jemgy\u00fdetde tut\u00fdan orny bol\u00fdar. Adam k\u00f6p hili statuslara e\u00fde bolup biler, \u00fd\u00f6ne olary\u0148 ha\u00fdsy hem bolsa, biri esasy bolup, onu\u0148 jemgy\u00fdetd\u00e4ki ornuny kesgitle\u00fd\u00e4r. Adamlary\u0148 statusy bo\u00fdun\u00e7a d\u00fcrl\u00fcligi, olary\u0148 ol \u00fda-da be\u00fdleki synpa degi\u015fliliginden tapawutlan\u00fdar. Eger adamy\u0148 synpa degi\u015fliligi ykdysady esaslar bilen kesgitlen\u00fd\u00e4n bolsa, onu\u0148 statusy \u00f6z\u00fcne bagly esaslar bilen kesgitlen\u00fd\u00e4r, meselem, bilim, h\u00fcn\u00e4r derejesi, \u00fda\u015fa\u00fdy\u015f g\u00f6rn\u00fc\u015fi we ba\u015fgalar. Weberi\u0148 pikiri\u00e7e adamy\u0148 parti\u00fda degi\u015fliligi hem sosial stratifikasi\u00fda t\u00e4sir ed\u00fd\u00e4r.<\/p>\n
\u00a0Muhammedow Il\u00fdasmuhammet <\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n \u00a0T\u00fcrkmen oba hojalyk institutyny\u0148 <\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n \u00a0Weterinar lukman\u00e7ylygy fakultetini\u0148 Ykdysady\u00fdet we dolandyry\u015f (oba hojalygynda) ta\u00fd\u00fdarlyk ugruny\u0148 3-nji \u00fdyl talyby <\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n <\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":" Jemgy\u00fdeti\u0148 sosial strukturasy bilen baglany\u015fykly meseleler \u201cSosiologi\u00fda\u201d dersinde gi\u0148i\u015fle\u00fdin be\u00fdan edil\u00fd\u00e4r.T\u00e4ze d\u00f6re\u00fd\u00e4n sosial toparlar, gatlaklar we synplar ozalkylardan b\u00fctinle\u00fd di\u00fden \u00fdaly tapawutlan\u00fdarlar. \u015eonu\u0148 \u00fdaly-da bu \u00f6zgeri\u015fleri der\u0148emeklik \u00fc\u00e7in ulanyl\u00fdan ylmy \u00e7emele\u015fmeleri hem di\u0148e marksistik gara\u00fdy\u015f bilen \u00e7\u00e4klemeklik hakykylygy a\u00e7maklyga k\u00f6mek edip bilme\u00fd\u00e4r. T\u00e4ze Galkyny\u015f e\u00fd\u00fdamynda t\u00fcrkmen jemgy\u00fdetini\u0148 sosial d\u00fcz\u00fcminde bolup ge\u00e7en \u00fc\u00fdtge\u015fiklikler barada s\u00f6hbete ge\u00e7mezden […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":3,"featured_media":23186,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[10],"tags":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/newsashgabat.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/23185"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/newsashgabat.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/newsashgabat.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/newsashgabat.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/3"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/newsashgabat.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=23185"}],"version-history":[{"count":2,"href":"https:\/\/newsashgabat.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/23185\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":23229,"href":"https:\/\/newsashgabat.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/23185\/revisions\/23229"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/newsashgabat.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/media\/23186"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/newsashgabat.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=23185"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/newsashgabat.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=23185"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/newsashgabat.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=23185"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}