T\u00fcrkmenistany\u0148 \u00e7\u00e4ginde hakyky el degirmenleri (iki a\u00fdlan\u00fdan da\u015fdan ybarat bolan g\u00f6rn\u00fc\u015fi) bizi\u0148 e\u00fd\u00fdamymyzy\u0148 I-IV asyrlarynda \u00fd\u00fcze \u00e7ykyp ba\u015flapdyr.<\/p>\n
\u200b\u015eonu\u0148 \u00fc\u00e7in, el degirmeni \u00fda-da onu\u0148 ilkiba\u015fky g\u00f6rn\u00fc\u015fleri (owgu\u00e7lar) m\u00fc\u0148\u00fdyllyklary \u00f6z i\u00e7ine al\u00fdan, \u00f6r\u00e4n gadymy taryha e\u00fdedir. T\u00fcrkmen halky ony di\u0148e bir hojalyk guraly h\u00f6km\u00fcnde d\u00e4l, e\u00fdsem, mukaddes hasaplap, \u00f6z medeni\u00fdetini\u0148 a\u00fdrylmaz b\u00f6legine \u00f6wr\u00fcpdir.El degirmenini\u0148 g\u00f6zba\u015fy ilkinji ekeran\u00e7ylyk medeni\u00fdetlerine, has dogrusy Da\u015f asyryny\u0148 so\u0148ky d\u00f6w\u00fcrlerine degi\u015flidir.El degirmenini\u0148 esasy wezipesi d\u00e4neli \u00f6n\u00fcmleri, \u00fdagny bugda\u00fdy, arpany we be\u00fdleki d\u00e4neleri un etmek bolupdyr. Bu un so\u0148ra \u00e7\u00f6rek, hleb, \u00fdarma we be\u00fdleki t\u00fcrkmen milli naharlaryny ta\u00fd\u00fdarlamak \u00fc\u00e7in ulanylypdyr.<\/p>\n
\u200bK\u00e4wagt, i\u0148 ki\u00e7i g\u00f6rn\u00fc\u015fleri \u00fda-da has d\u00f6wrebap wariantlary bolsa, kahwe (kofe) \u00e7ekirdeklerini \u00fda-da baharatlary \u00fcwemek \u00fc\u00e7in hem ulanylyp bilner, emma t\u00fcrkmen durmu\u015fynda onu\u0148 taryhy \u00e4hmi\u00fdeti d\u00e4ne (un) \u00fcwetmek bilen berk baglany\u015fyklydyr.T\u00fcrkmenleri\u0148 el degirmeni (\u00fdagny, el bilen d\u00e4ne \u00fcwe\u00fd\u00e4n degirmeni) taryhy we medeni \u00e4hmi\u00fdeti uly bolan gadymy guraldyr.<\/p>\n
\u200b El degirmenini\u0148 taryhy T\u00fcrkmenistany\u0148 \u00e7\u00e4klerind\u00e4ki i\u0148 gadymy medeni\u00fdetlere, hatda Je\u00fdtun medeni\u00fdetini\u0148 (miladydan \u00f6\u0148ki VII-VI m\u00fc\u0148\u00fdyllyklar) d\u00f6wr\u00fcne hem baryp \u00fdet\u00fd\u00e4r. Ilkibada d\u00e4neleri iki da\u015fy\u0148 arasynda owgu\u00e7lar bilen owradan bolsalar, so\u0148ra soky da\u015flary we so\u0148ra hem el degirmeni o\u00fdlanyp tapylypdyr.<\/p>\n
El degirmenleri XIX asyry\u0148 ikinji \u00fdarymyndan XX asyry\u0148 ortalaryna \u00e7enli t\u00fcrkmen durmu\u015fynda \u00f6r\u00e4n wajyp we arzyly \u00f6\u00fd go\u015fy bolupdyr. Ol esasan hem bugda\u00fd we be\u00fdleki d\u00e4neleri un etmek \u00fc\u00e7in ulanylypdyr. T\u00fcrkmen halky degirmeni tamdyr, ojak, gu\u00fdy, k\u00f6pri \u00fdaly zatlar bilen bir hatarda mukaddes hasaplapdyr. O\u0148a a\u00fdawly garalyp, arassa \u00fderde saklanypdyr we \u00fcst\u00fc \u00f6rt\u00fclipdir. Hojalyklarda degirmen a\u00fdlamaga k\u00f6plen\u00e7 g\u00fcn dogmanka ba\u015flapdyrlar, seb\u00e4bi halk arasynda “S\u00e4herde un \u00fcwese\u0148, erenler, peri\u015fdeler k\u00f6mek ber\u00fd\u00e4rmi\u015fler” di\u00fden ynan\u00e7 bolupdyr.T\u00fcrkmen l\u00e4lelerinde (a\u00fddymlarda) we monjugatdylarda degirmen i\u015fini\u0148 agyr z\u00e4hmetdigi barada \u015fe\u00fdle setirler bar:<\/p>\n
\u200b”Degirmeni\u0148 ak da\u015fy,<\/p>\n
Akar g\u00f6z\u00fcmi\u0148 \u00fda\u015fy.<\/p>\n
Da\u0148dan ukym aldyrman,<\/p>\n
S\u00e4her \u00fdelin \u00e7aldyrman,<\/p>\n
Ba\u015f \u00fdassygym degirmen,<\/p>\n
\u00ddan d\u00fc\u015fegim kendirik,<\/p>\n
Elim gitmez sapyndan,<\/p>\n
G\u00f6z\u00fcm gitmez topundan.”<\/p>\n
\u200bManysy: Bu go\u015fgy degirmen a\u00fdla\u00fdan zenany\u0148 (a\u00fdaly\u0148) agyr we irki z\u00e4hmetini, ukusyzlygyny, degirmeni\u0148 onu\u0148 durmu\u015fyny\u0148 merkezine \u00f6wr\u00fclenini (\u00fdassyk we d\u00fc\u015fek \u00fderine hasaplamagyny) g\u00f6rkez\u00fd\u00e4r.<\/p>\n
\u200bBu a\u00fdtgylar we nakyllar degirmeni\u0148 di\u0148e bir hojalyk guraly bolman, e\u00fdsem, t\u00fcrkmen durmu\u015fyny\u0148 agyr z\u00e4hmetini we ykdysady wajyplygyny \u015f\u00f6hlelendir\u00fd\u00e4n medeni simwol bolandygyny tassykla\u00fdar.<\/p>\n
\u015ealarow S\u00fcle\u00fdman<\/em><\/strong> <\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":" T\u00fcrkmenistany\u0148 \u00e7\u00e4ginde hakyky el degirmenleri (iki a\u00fdlan\u00fdan da\u015fdan ybarat bolan g\u00f6rn\u00fc\u015fi) bizi\u0148 e\u00fd\u00fdamymyzy\u0148 I-IV asyrlarynda \u00fd\u00fcze \u00e7ykyp ba\u015flapdyr. \u200b\u015eonu\u0148 \u00fc\u00e7in, el degirmeni \u00fda-da onu\u0148 ilkiba\u015fky g\u00f6rn\u00fc\u015fleri (owgu\u00e7lar) m\u00fc\u0148\u00fdyllyklary \u00f6z i\u00e7ine al\u00fdan, \u00f6r\u00e4n gadymy taryha e\u00fdedir. T\u00fcrkmen halky ony di\u0148e bir hojalyk guraly h\u00f6km\u00fcnde d\u00e4l, e\u00fdsem, mukaddes hasaplap, \u00f6z medeni\u00fdetini\u0148 a\u00fdrylmaz b\u00f6legine \u00f6wr\u00fcpdir.El degirmenini\u0148 g\u00f6zba\u015fy ilkinji […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":3,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[7,10],"tags":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/newsashgabat.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/25596"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/newsashgabat.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/newsashgabat.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/newsashgabat.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/3"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/newsashgabat.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=25596"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/newsashgabat.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/25596\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":25597,"href":"https:\/\/newsashgabat.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/25596\/revisions\/25597"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/newsashgabat.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=25596"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/newsashgabat.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=25596"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/newsashgabat.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=25596"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}
\nHalkara senagat\u00e7ylar we teleke\u00e7iler uniwersitetini\u0148 Dil \u00f6wreni\u015f b\u00f6l\u00fcmini\u0148 107-nji toparyny\u0148 talyby<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n