Kinologi\u00fda (Grek\u00e7e: k\u00fd\u014dn \u2014 it we -log\u00eda \u2014 ylym) itler baradaky ylymdyr.<\/p>\n
Bu ylym it\u00e7iligi\u0148 (it saklamagy\u0148) ylmy esasyny d\u00fcz\u00fd\u00e4r we a\u015fakdaky esasy ugurlary \u00f6z i\u00e7ine al\u00fdar:<\/p>\n
Itleri\u0148 gelip \u00e7yky\u015fy (ewol\u00fdusi\u00fdasy)<\/p>\n
Itleri\u0148 tohumlary: Olary\u0148 a\u00fdratynlyklary, d\u00f6redili\u015fi we genofonduny gorap saklamak.<\/p>\n
Anatomi\u00fdasy we fiziologi\u00fdasy: Beden gurlu\u015fy we funksi\u00fdalary, \u015fol sanda \u00fdokary nerw ulgamy we hereketleri.<\/p>\n
Seleksi\u00fda we k\u00f6peltmek: Itleri\u0148 gowy tohum a\u00fdratynlyklaryny \u00f6sd\u00fcrmek we k\u00f6peltmek i\u015fleri.<\/p>\n
I\u00fdmitlendirmek we saklamak: Itleri\u0148 sagdynlygy \u00fc\u00e7in i\u00fdmit we ideg talaplary.<\/p>\n
Itleri d\u00fcrli maksatlar \u00fc\u00e7in ta\u00fd\u00fdarlamak.<\/p>\n
Gulluk itleri: Serhet, g\u00fcmr\u00fck, g\u00f6zleg, gorag, aw we ba\u015fga gulluklarda ulanmak bol\u00fdar.<\/p>\n
Kinologi\u00fda XIX asyry\u0148 ikinji \u00fdarymynda a\u00fdratyn ylym h\u00f6km\u00fcnde emele gelipdir. T\u00fcrkmenistanda hem it\u00e7ilik we kinologi\u00fda i\u015fi kanun\u00e7ylyk esasynda d\u00fczg\u00fcnle\u015fdiril\u00fd\u00e4r we tohum itleri\u0148 gymmatly genofonduny gorap saklamak esasy \u00fd\u00f6relgeleri\u0148 biridir.<\/p>\n
\ud83d\udcda Kinologi\u00fdany\u0148 \u00d6s\u00fc\u015f Taryhy<\/p>\n
1. Irki d\u00f6w\u00fcrler<\/p>\n
Kinologi\u00fdany\u0148 taryhy takmynan 15000 \u00fdyl ozal \u00fdabany m\u00f6jekleri\u0148 ellekile\u015fdirilip h\u00e4zirki itlere \u00f6wr\u00fclmegi bilen ba\u015flan\u00fdar. Bu d\u00f6w\u00fcrde itler esasy k\u00f6mek\u00e7i bolup, aw etmekde we goragda ulanylypdyr.<\/p>\n
Irki klassifikasi\u00fda: Bizi\u0148 e\u00fd\u00fdamymyzdan \u00f6\u0148ki d\u00f6w\u00fcrlerde hem itleri maksadyna g\u00f6r\u00e4 toparlara b\u00f6lmek synany\u015fyklary edilipdir. Meselem, gadymy Rimde Marcus Terentius Varro itleri aw itleri we \u00e7opan itleri di\u00fdip tapawutlandyrypdyrlar.<\/p>\n
2. Orta Asyrlar ( V – XV asyrlar)<\/p>\n
Aw etmegi\u0148 \u00f6s\u00fc\u015fi: Orta asyrlarda itler, esasan, \u00fd\u00f6ritele\u015fdirilen aw \u00fc\u00e7in, \u015fe\u00fdle-de m\u00fclkleri we s\u00fcr\u00fcleri goramak \u00fc\u00e7in ulanylypdyr. Bu d\u00f6w\u00fcrde d\u00fcrli aw we \u00e7opan itlerini\u0148 tohumlary (meselem, la\u00fdkalar, gon\u00e7alar, borzo\u00fdlar) kemala gelipdir.<\/p>\n
Kitaplar: Itler barada ilkinji \u00fd\u00f6ritele\u015fdirilen eserler (esasan, aw\u00e7ylyk barada) \u00fdazylyp ba\u015flandy. Meselem, Ispani\u00fdany\u0148, Fransi\u00fdany\u0148 we Angli\u00fdany\u0148 soltanlaryny\u0148 howandarlygy astynda itleri idetmek we \u00f6wretmek bo\u00fdun\u00e7a go\u00fdlan d\u00fczg\u00fcnler k\u00f6pelipdir.<\/p>\n
3. T\u00e4ze d\u00f6w\u00fcr ( XVI\u2014 XIX asyrlar) \u2014 Ylmy kinologi\u00fdany\u0148 d\u00f6re\u00fd\u015fi<\/p>\n
Tohum standartlary: XIX asyry\u0148 ortalarynda Angli\u00fdada we \u00ddewropada industrializasi\u00fda d\u00f6wri bilen aw\u00e7ylyk d\u00e4l-de, itleri\u0148 da\u015fky g\u00f6rn\u00fc\u015fine (eksteri\u00fderine) \u00fcns berlip ba\u015flan\u00fdar. Bu bolsa tohumlary\u0148 standartlaryny\u0148 d\u00f6redilmegine getirdi.<\/p>\n
Ilkinji Klublar:<\/p>\n
1873-nji \u00fdyl: Angli\u00fdada ilkinji resmi tohum\u00e7ylyk guramasy \u2014 The Kennel Club (KC) d\u00f6redil\u00fd\u00e4r. Bu, Kinologi\u00fdany\u0148 ylym we sport h\u00f6km\u00fcnde \u00f6smeginde esasy \u00e4dim boldy.<\/p>\n
Bu klublar tohumlary \u00fdazga almak, olara baha bermek we sergileri guramak i\u015flerini ba\u015flady.<\/p>\n
\u00c7arlz Darwini\u0148 t\u00e4siri: \u00c7arlz Darwini\u0148 ewol\u00fdusi\u00fda taglymaty (1859) itleri\u0148 gelip \u00e7yky\u015fy we tohumlary\u0148 d\u00f6redili\u015fi baradaky ylmy gara\u00fdy\u015flary berkitdi.<\/p>\n
4. H\u00e4zirki zaman ( XX asyry\u0148 ba\u015flarynda)<\/p>\n
Gulluk Kinologi\u00fdasy: Iki S\u00f6we\u015f d\u00f6wr\u00fcni\u0148 aralygynda ( XX asyry\u0148 ba\u015fy) itleri\u0148 \u00fd\u00f6rite gulluklarda (polisi\u00fda, harby, serhet) ulanyly\u015fy ylmy esasda \u00f6sd\u00fcrilip ba\u015flandy. Bu d\u00f6w\u00fcrde itleri \u00f6wretmegi\u0148 (dressirowkany\u0148) usullary k\u00e4mille\u015fdirildi.<\/p>\n
Halkara hyzmatda\u015flyk:<\/p>\n
1911-nji \u00fdyl: Federation Cynologique Internationale (FCI) \u2014 Halkara Kinologiki Federasi\u00fdasy d\u00f6redil\u00fd\u00e4r. Bu federasi\u00fda h\u00e4zirki wagtda d\u00fcn\u00fd\u00e4d\u00e4ki i\u0148 uly halkara guramalary\u0148 biri bolup, it tohumlaryny\u0148 k\u00f6p\u00fcsini resmi ta\u00fddan ykrar ed\u00fd\u00e4r we standartlaryny kesgitle\u00fd\u00e4r.<\/p>\n
Ylmy barlaglar: Genetika, fiziologi\u00fda, we hereket (prowedeni\u00fde) baradaky barlaglar Kinologi\u00fdany\u0148 ylmy bin\u00fdadyny gi\u0148eltdi.<\/p>\n
\ud83c\uddf9\ud83c\uddf2 T\u00fcrkmenistanda Kinologi\u00fda<\/p>\n
T\u00fcrkmenistanda Kinologi\u00fdany\u0148 a\u00fdratyn orny bar. Esasan-da, T\u00fcrkmen Alaba\u00fdy (orta azi\u00fda \u00e7opan iti) \u00fdaly milli tohumy\u0148 arassa ganlylygyny gorap saklamak we halkara derejesine \u00e7ykarmak esasy ugurlardyr. Bu bolsa gadymy aw we \u00e7opan itleri saklamagy\u0148 medeni\u00fdeti bilen ylmy \u00e7emele\u015fmeleri birle\u015fdir\u00fd\u00e4r.<\/p>\n
\u00a0 A\u00fdt\u00e4\u00e7 B\u00c4\u015eIMOWA<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n \u00a0 S.A.Ny\u00fdazow adyndaky T\u00fcrkmen oba hojalyk uniwersitetini\u0148 Weterinar lukman\u00e7ylygy fakultetini\u0148 Kinalogi\u00fda ta\u00fd\u00fdarlyk ugruny\u0148 2-nji \u00fdyl talyby\u00a0\u00a0<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n <\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":" Kinologi\u00fda (Grek\u00e7e: k\u00fd\u014dn \u2014 it we -log\u00eda \u2014 ylym) itler baradaky ylymdyr. Bu ylym it\u00e7iligi\u0148 (it saklamagy\u0148) ylmy esasyny d\u00fcz\u00fd\u00e4r we a\u015fakdaky esasy ugurlary \u00f6z i\u00e7ine al\u00fdar: Itleri\u0148 gelip \u00e7yky\u015fy (ewol\u00fdusi\u00fdasy) Itleri\u0148 tohumlary: Olary\u0148 a\u00fdratynlyklary, d\u00f6redili\u015fi we genofonduny gorap saklamak. Anatomi\u00fdasy we fiziologi\u00fdasy: Beden gurlu\u015fy we funksi\u00fdalary, \u015fol sanda \u00fdokary nerw ulgamy we hereketleri. Seleksi\u00fda […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":3,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[10],"tags":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/newsashgabat.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/26158"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/newsashgabat.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/newsashgabat.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/newsashgabat.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/3"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/newsashgabat.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=26158"}],"version-history":[{"count":2,"href":"https:\/\/newsashgabat.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/26158\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":26160,"href":"https:\/\/newsashgabat.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/26158\/revisions\/26160"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/newsashgabat.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=26158"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/newsashgabat.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=26158"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/newsashgabat.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=26158"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}