Medeni antropologlar k\u00e4bir d\u00e4p-dessurlary\u0148 n\u00e4hili d\u00f6re\u00fd\u015fini \u00f6wren\u00fd\u00e4rler. Mysal \u00fc\u00e7in, olar uzak \u00fderlerde \u00fda\u015fa\u00fdan adaty ta\u00fdpalary \u00f6wrenmek bilen, \u00f6z jemgy\u00fdetimizi\u0148 hem \u00f6\u0148ler n\u00e4hili \u00fda\u015fan bolmagy m\u00fcmkindigine d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnm\u00e4ge k\u00f6mek ed\u00fd\u00e4rler.Medeni antropologi\u00fda (Cultural Anthropology) adamy\u0148 d\u00f6reden medeni\u00fdetlerini we jemgy\u00fdetlerini\u0148 k\u00f6pd\u00fcrl\u00fcligini, olary\u0148 n\u00e4hili i\u015fle\u00fd\u00e4ndigini, \u00fc\u00fdtge\u00fd\u00e4ndigini we biri-biri bilen n\u00e4hili baglany\u015fyklydygyny \u00f6wren\u00fd\u00e4n antropologi\u00fdany\u0148 esasy pudagydyr.Medeni antropologlar, adamlary\u0148 ynamlaryny, d\u00e4p-dessurlaryny, \u00fda\u015fa\u00fdy\u015f Endiklerini, dili, sy\u00fdasy ulgamlaryny we ykdysady i\u015flerini \u00f6wrenmek bilen, adam durmu\u015fyny\u0148 global spektrine d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnm\u00e4ge \u00e7aly\u015f\u00fdarlar.<\/p>\n
Etnografi\u00fda (Ethnography)Bu, medeni antropologi\u00fdany\u0148 i\u0148 esasy barlag usulydyr. Etnografi\u00fda, belli bir jemgy\u00fdeti\u0148 durmu\u015fyny d\u00fc\u00fdpli \u00f6wrenmek we suratlandyrmak di\u00fdmekdir.<\/p>\n
\u200bN\u00e4dip ulanyl\u00fdar? Antropologlar “me\u00fddan i\u015fini” (fieldwork) ge\u00e7ir\u00fd\u00e4rler. Olar adat\u00e7a bir \u00fdyl \u00fda-da has k\u00f6p wagt \u00f6wren\u00fd\u00e4n jemgy\u00fdeti bilen bile \u00fda\u015fa\u00fdarlar, olary\u0148 dilini \u00f6wren\u00fd\u00e4rler we g\u00fcndelik durmu\u015fa gatna\u015f\u00fdarlar (bu gatna\u015fyjy syn (participant observation) di\u00fdlip atlandyryl\u00fdar). Munu\u0148 maksady, \u00f6wrenil\u00fd\u00e4n adamlary\u0148 d\u00fcn\u00fd\u00e4sine olary\u0148 \u00f6z nukda\u00fdnazaryndan (bu emik nukda\u00fdnazary di\u00fdil\u00fd\u00e4r) d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnmekdir.Medeni antropologlar, islendik medeni endigi \u00fda-da d\u00e4bi “gowy” \u00fda-da “erbet” di\u00fdip h\u00f6k\u00fcm etmezden, onu\u0148 \u015fol jemgy\u00fdeti\u0148 \u00e7\u00e4ginde n\u00e4hili funksi\u00fda \u00fderine \u00fdetir\u00fd\u00e4ndigine d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnm\u00e4ge \u00e7aly\u015f\u00fdarlar.Bu, adamy\u0148 medeni\u00fdetini\u0148 bir b\u00f6legini (mysal \u00fc\u00e7in, ykdysady\u00fdetini) be\u00fdleki b\u00f6leklerinden (mysal \u00fc\u00e7in, dininden) b\u00f6l\u00fcp a\u00fdyrmazdan, \u00e4hli b\u00f6lekleri\u0148 \u00f6zara baglany\u015fyklydygyny kabul ed\u00fd\u00e4n prinsipdir.Medeni\u00fdeti bir bitewi we kompleks ulgam h\u00f6km\u00fcnde g\u00f6rm\u00e4ge m\u00fcmkin\u00e7ilik ber\u00fd\u00e4r.<\/p>\n
\u200bMa\u015fgala we Guda\u00e7ylyk (Kinship and Marriage): Jemgy\u00fdetleri\u0148 garynda\u015flyk gatna\u015fyklaryny, ma\u015fgala gurlu\u015flaryny\u0148 we nika d\u00e4plerini\u0148 n\u00e4hili \u00fc\u00fdtge\u00fd\u00e4ndigini \u00f6wren\u00fd\u00e4rler.<\/p>\n
\u200bDin we Ynam Ulgamlary (Religion and Belief Systems): Dini d\u00e4p-dessurlary\u0148, mifleri\u0148 we ruhy ynamlary\u0148 jemgy\u00fdet\u00e7ilik durmu\u015fyna n\u00e4hili t\u00e4sir ed\u00fd\u00e4ndigini seljer\u00fd\u00e4rler.<\/p>\n
\u200bSy\u00fdasat we Hukuk (Politics and Law): Jemgy\u00fdet\u00e7ilik d\u00fczg\u00fcnini saklamak, karar kabul etmek we konfliktleri \u00e7\u00f6zmek \u00fc\u00e7in n\u00e4hili ulgamlary\u0148 ulanyl\u00fdandygyny \u00f6wren\u00fd\u00e4rler.<\/p>\n
\u200bYkdysady Antropologi\u00fda (Economic Anthropology): Harytlary\u0148 we hyzmatlary\u0148 \u00f6nd\u00fcrili\u015fini, pa\u00fdlany\u015fyny we sarp edili\u015fini\u0148 medeni manysyny (di\u0148e pul manysynda d\u00e4l-de) \u00f6wren\u00fd\u00e4rler. Mysal \u00fc\u00e7in, ykdysady ulgamlary\u0148 ha\u00fdsy \u00fderlerde “sowgat berijilik” esasynda i\u015fle\u00fd\u00e4ndigini \u00f6wrenmek.<\/p>\n
\u200bGloballa\u015fma (Globalization): D\u00fcn\u00fd\u00e4ni\u0148 medeni\u00fdetlerini\u0148 biri-birine n\u00e4hili t\u00e4sir ed\u00fd\u00e4ndigini, medeni\u00fdetleri\u0148 \u00fda\u00fdra\u00fd\u015fyny we \u00fderli d\u00e4pleri\u0148 global t\u00e4sirlere gar\u015fy n\u00e4hili \u00fc\u00fdtge\u00fd\u00e4ndigini (\u00fda-da \u00fdit\u00fd\u00e4ndigini) \u00f6wren\u00fd\u00e4rler.<\/p>\n
\u200bMedeni antropologi\u00fda bize di\u0148e bir da\u015fary \u00fdurt medeni\u00fdetleri barada maglumat bermek bilen \u00e7\u00e4klenm\u00e4n, e\u00fdsem \u00f6z medeni\u00fdetimize-de t\u00e4ze\u00e7e garamaga k\u00f6mek ed\u00fd\u00e4r.<\/p>\n
\u200bBa\u015fga medeni\u00fdetleri \u00f6wrenmek arkaly, biz \u00f6z durmu\u015fymyzda adat edin\u015fen we tebigy hasapla\u00fdan zatlarymyzy\u0148 (mysal \u00fc\u00e7in, i\u015f tertibi, naharlanmak Endikleri, pul bilen gatna\u015fyk) di\u0148e bir medeni\u00fdetde kabul edilen bir opsi\u00fdadygyny g\u00f6r\u00fd\u00e4ris. Bu ylym \u00f6zara d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcni\u015fmegi g\u00fc\u00fd\u00e7lendir\u00fd\u00e4r we jemgy\u00fdet\u00e7ilik problemalaryny \u00e7\u00f6zmekde (mysal \u00fc\u00e7in, halkara hyzmatda\u015flykda, saglyk hyzmatlaryny diza\u00fdn etmekde) uly \u00e4hmi\u00fdete e\u00fdedir.<\/p>\n
\u200bMedeni antropologlar, medeni\u00fdeti\u0148 akma\u00fdan d\u00e4l-de, e\u00fdsem \u00fc\u00fdtge\u00fd\u00e4n, hereket eden zat h\u00f6km\u00fcnde d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcndirilmegine uly go\u015fant go\u015fdular.<\/p>\n
Orazberdi\u00fdewa Mahym<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n Halkara senagat\u00e7ylar we teleke\u00e7iler uniwersitetini\u0148 Dil \u00f6wreni\u015f b\u00f6l\u00fcmini\u0148 104-nji toparyny\u0148 talyby<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n <\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":" Medeni antropologlar k\u00e4bir d\u00e4p-dessurlary\u0148 n\u00e4hili d\u00f6re\u00fd\u015fini \u00f6wren\u00fd\u00e4rler. Mysal \u00fc\u00e7in, olar uzak \u00fderlerde \u00fda\u015fa\u00fdan adaty ta\u00fdpalary \u00f6wrenmek bilen, \u00f6z jemgy\u00fdetimizi\u0148 hem \u00f6\u0148ler n\u00e4hili \u00fda\u015fan bolmagy m\u00fcmkindigine d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnm\u00e4ge k\u00f6mek ed\u00fd\u00e4rler.Medeni antropologi\u00fda (Cultural Anthropology) adamy\u0148 d\u00f6reden medeni\u00fdetlerini we jemgy\u00fdetlerini\u0148 k\u00f6pd\u00fcrl\u00fcligini, olary\u0148 n\u00e4hili i\u015fle\u00fd\u00e4ndigini, \u00fc\u00fdtge\u00fd\u00e4ndigini we biri-biri bilen n\u00e4hili baglany\u015fyklydygyny \u00f6wren\u00fd\u00e4n antropologi\u00fdany\u0148 esasy pudagydyr.Medeni antropologlar, adamlary\u0148 ynamlaryny, d\u00e4p-dessurlaryny, \u00fda\u015fa\u00fdy\u015f […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":3,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[10],"tags":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/newsashgabat.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/26340"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/newsashgabat.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/newsashgabat.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/newsashgabat.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/3"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/newsashgabat.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=26340"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/newsashgabat.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/26340\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":26341,"href":"https:\/\/newsashgabat.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/26340\/revisions\/26341"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/newsashgabat.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=26340"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/newsashgabat.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=26340"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/newsashgabat.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=26340"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}