\u00ddazuw sungaty, \u00fda-da has ylmy ady bilen Hattatlyk (Arap\u00e7a: hatt\u2014\u00e7yzyk) di\u0148e bir harplary \u00fdazmak d\u00e4l, e\u00fdsem s\u00f6zleri\u0148 manysyny wizual \u015fekiller arkaly \u00fd\u00fcze \u00e7ykarmagy\u0148 i\u0148 asylly usulydyr.<\/p>\n
Hattatlyk \u2013 bu harp \u015fekillerini\u0148 sazla\u015fykly we estetiki \u00fdazylmagydyr. G\u00fcndogar we Yslam medeni\u00fdetinde bu sungat be\u00fdleki sungat g\u00f6rn\u00fc\u015flerinden has \u00fdokary derej\u00e4 go\u00fdul\u00fdar, seb\u00e4bi ol Mukaddes S\u00f6z bilen g\u00f6s-g\u00f6ni baglany\u015fyklydyr. Hattatlykda her bir \u00e7yzyk, her bir bur\u00e7 t\u00f6t\u00e4nden d\u00e4l-de, takyk \u00f6l\u00e7eglere we ruha degi\u015fli kadalara e\u00fder\u00fd\u00e4r.<\/p>\n
Musulman medeni\u00fdetinde adamy\u0148 \u00fda-da ha\u00fdwanlary\u0148 \u015fekillerini \u00e7ekmek \u00e7\u00e4kli bolany \u00fc\u00e7in, Hattatlyk i\u0148 esasy bezeg we \u00e7eper\u00e7ilik seri\u015fdesi h\u00f6km\u00fcnde \u00f6sdi. Hattatlyk, ybadathanalary\u0148 (metjitleri\u0148), kitaplary\u0148, metaldan \u00fdasalan zatlary\u0148 we keramikalary\u0148 esasy bezegi boldy.Hattatlykda esasy maksat Kurany Kerimi\u0148 a\u00fdatlaryny we Allany\u0148 atlaryny i\u0148 k\u00e4mil, i\u0148 hormatly we i\u0148 g\u00f6z\u00fc\u0148i dokundyr\u00fdan \u015fekilde be\u00fdan etmekdir. Hattat (ussa) \u00fc\u00e7in bu i\u015f meditasi\u00fda we ybadat bilen de\u0148dir.<\/p>\n
\u200bBe\u00fdik \u00dd\u00fcpek \u00fdoluny\u0148 ugrunda \u00fderle\u015fen G\u00fcndogar \u00fdurtlarynda, \u015fol sanda T\u00fcrkmenistanda, t\u00fcrkmen taryhyny\u0148 we pelsepesini\u0148 i\u0148 aja\u00fdyp nusgalary Gol\u00fdazmalarda (m\u00f6h\u00fcm taryhy we edebi eserler) saklanyp galdy. Bu gol\u00fdazmalar di\u0148e bir teksti d\u00e4l, e\u00fdsem altyn \u00e7a\u00fdylan bezegleri (tezhip) we ussatlyk bilen \u00fdazylan hatlary \u00f6z i\u00e7ine al\u00fdardy.Hattatlyk sungatynda k\u00e4mil bolmak \u00fc\u00e7in ussatdan \u00fdyllary\u0148 tejribesi, sabyr-takatlylyk we fiziki \u00e7ydamlylyk talap edil\u00fd\u00e4r.<\/p>\n
\u200bArap elipbi\u00fdine esaslan\u00fdan hatatlygy\u0148 m\u00fc\u0148ler\u00e7e stilini\u0148 i\u00e7inde i\u0148 esasy we gi\u0148den \u00fda\u00fdranlary:<\/p>\n
\u200bK\u00fcfi (K\u00fbf\u00ee): I\u0148 gadymy stil. \u00c7yzyklar g\u00f6n\u00fcbur\u00e7ly, geometrik we gaty (statik) bol\u00fdar. K\u00f6plen\u00e7 irki Kuranda we monumentlarda (binag\u00e4rlikde) ulanylypdyr.<\/p>\n
\u200bNesih (Naskh): I\u0148 k\u00f6p ulanyl\u00fdan we okalmagy i\u0148 \u00fde\u0148il bolan stil. \u00ddum\u015fak we tegelek \u00e7yzyklary bar. H\u00e4zirki metbugat we kitap hatlaryny\u0148 esasy.<\/p>\n
\u200bS\u00fcl\u00fcs (Thuluth): Has \u00e4girt uly, \u00e7yl\u015fyrymly we bezegli stil. K\u00f6plen\u00e7 metjitleri\u0148 diwarlarynda \u00fda-da uly sanly eserleri\u0148 atlandyryly\u015fynda ulanyl\u00fdar.<\/p>\n
\u200bNesg-Taglyk (Nasta’liq): Esasan E\u00fdran, Owganystan we Hindistan\/Pakistan sebitlerinde k\u00e4mille\u015fen, \u00f6r\u00e4n \u00e7e\u00fde we ak\u00fdan (flowy) stil. Edebi eserleri we \u015fygyrlary \u00fdazmak \u00fc\u00e7in i\u0148 me\u015fhury.<\/p>\n
\u200bHattat \u00fc\u00e7in dogry seri\u015fdeler \u00f6r\u00e4n m\u00f6h\u00fcmdir:<\/p>\n
\u200bGalam: Adat\u00e7a gamy\u015fdan (reed) \u00fdasalan \u00fd\u00f6rite galam (i\u0148\u0148\u00e4n \u00fditi, kesilen ujy bol\u00fdar).<\/p>\n
\u200bSy\u00fda: Tebigy mineral pigmentlerden \u00fdasalan \u00fd\u00f6rite gara \u00fda-da re\u0148kli sy\u00fda.<\/p>\n
\u200bKagyz\/Material: Galy\u0148, sarymtyl we s\u00fc\u00fdnme\u00fd\u00e4n \u00fd\u00f6rite \u00fdylmanak kagyzlar (\u00fda-da \u00fd\u00fcp \u00fda-da deri).<\/p>\n
\u200b Buhara, Isfahan we be\u00fdleki G\u00fcndogar \u015f\u00e4herlerini\u0148 taryhy binalaryny\u0148 gapylary, g\u00fcmmezleri we mozaikalary Hattatlyk nusgalary bilen bezelendir. Hattatlar harplary gyrman\u00e7alara we ha\u015famly nagy\u015flara \u00f6wr\u00fcp, binany\u0148 da\u015fyna ruhy many ber\u00fd\u00e4rler.H\u00e4zirki wagtda k\u00f6p surat\u00e7y we grafiki diza\u00fdnerler Hattatlyk sungatyny t\u00e4ze, modern formalar bilen birle\u015fdirip, o\u0148a t\u00e4ze energi\u00fda ber\u00fd\u00e4rler.\u00ddazuw sungaty \u2013 bu \u00e7yzygy\u0148, geometrik takyklygy\u0148 we \u00e7u\u0148\u0148ur ruhy manyny\u0148 \u00fdokary g\u00f6rn\u00fc\u015fidir. Ol, s\u00f6zleri\u0148 g\u00fc\u00fdj\u00fcni estetiki k\u00e4mil derejede wizualizirlemegi ba\u015far\u00fdan m\u00fcdimi mirasdyr.<\/p>\n
Sary\u00fdewa Aknabat<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n Halkara senagat\u00e7ylar we teleke\u00e7iler uniwersitetini\u0148 Dil \u00f6wreni\u015f b\u00f6l\u00fcmini\u0148 107-nji toparyny\u0148 talyby<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n <\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":" \u00ddazuw sungaty, \u00fda-da has ylmy ady bilen Hattatlyk (Arap\u00e7a: hatt\u2014\u00e7yzyk) di\u0148e bir harplary \u00fdazmak d\u00e4l, e\u00fdsem s\u00f6zleri\u0148 manysyny wizual \u015fekiller arkaly \u00fd\u00fcze \u00e7ykarmagy\u0148 i\u0148 asylly usulydyr. Hattatlyk \u2013 bu harp \u015fekillerini\u0148 sazla\u015fykly we estetiki \u00fdazylmagydyr. G\u00fcndogar we Yslam medeni\u00fdetinde bu sungat be\u00fdleki sungat g\u00f6rn\u00fc\u015flerinden has \u00fdokary derej\u00e4 go\u00fdul\u00fdar, seb\u00e4bi ol Mukaddes S\u00f6z bilen g\u00f6s-g\u00f6ni baglany\u015fyklydyr. […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":3,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[7,10],"tags":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/newsashgabat.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/26584"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/newsashgabat.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/newsashgabat.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/newsashgabat.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/3"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/newsashgabat.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=26584"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/newsashgabat.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/26584\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":26585,"href":"https:\/\/newsashgabat.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/26584\/revisions\/26585"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/newsashgabat.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=26584"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/newsashgabat.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=26584"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/newsashgabat.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=26584"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}