{"id":4073,"date":"2020-05-09T08:27:21","date_gmt":"2020-05-09T03:27:21","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/newashgabat.com\/?p=4073"},"modified":"2020-05-09T08:53:54","modified_gmt":"2020-05-09T03:53:54","slug":"abiwerdin-cepercilik-mirasy","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/newsashgabat.com\/?p=4073","title":{"rendered":"Abiwerdi\u0148 \u00e7eper\u00e7ilik mirasy"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>Orta asyrlarda Horasany\u0148 me\u015fhur Abiwerd wela\u00fdaty G\u00fcnorta<br \/>\nT\u00fcrkmenistany\u0148 dag eteklerinde h\u00e4zirki M\u00e4ne\u2013\u00c7\u00e4\u00e7e \u00fda\u00fdlalaryndan t\u00e4 Babadurmaz<br \/>\ndemir \u00fdol bekedini\u0148 sebitlerine \u00e7enli aralykda \u00fderle\u015fipdir. Amatly howa \u015fertleri,<br \/>\nmes toprakly \u00fderler, \u00e7yl\u015fyrymly suw desgalaryny gurnamazdan emeli suwary\u015f \u00fc\u00e7in<br \/>\namatly suw \u00fcpj\u00fcn\u00e7iligini\u0148 bolmagy bu \u00fderlerde ekeran\u00e7ylyk hojalygyny\u0148 irki<br \/>\nd\u00f6w\u00fcrlerde hem g\u00fc\u00fd\u00e7li \u00f6smegine getiripdir.<br \/>\n\u00dcst\u00fcnden \u201cBe\u00fdik \u00dd\u00fcpek \u00fdoly\u201dge\u00e7en Abiwerd \u015f\u00e4heri \u00f6z\u00fcni\u0148 aja\u00fdyp \u00e7eper<br \/>\nmirasy bilen bellidir. So\u0148ky \u00fdyllarda bu \u00fderde ge\u00e7iril\u00fdan gazuw-agtary\u015f i\u015flerini\u0148<br \/>\nnetijesinde Abiwerd \u015f\u00e4herini\u0148 ba\u00fd medeni gatlaklara basyrlandygy \u00e4\u015fg\u00e4r edildi. Ol<br \/>\n\u00fderden esasan hem IX-XII asyrlara degi\u015fli keramiki \u00f6n\u00fcmler, metaldan \u00fdasalan at<br \/>\nbezegleri, \u015fa\u00fd sepler, gi\u00e7ki orta asyrlara degi\u015fli bolan pul \u015fa\u00fdlyklary-te\u0148\u0148eler \u00fd\u00fcze<br \/>\n\u00e7ykaryl\u00fdar.<br \/>\nBu \u00fderden tapylan keramiki \u00f6n\u00fcmlere ser salanymyzda bolsa to\u00fdun gap-<br \/>\nga\u00e7laryny\u0148 syr\u00e7aly we syr\u00e7asyz g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015flerde \u00fdasalandygyny bellemek bolar. Olary\u0148<br \/>\narasynda i\u00e7i \u00e7\u00fc\u0148\u0148ur okaralar, k\u00e4seler, tabaklar, \u00e7\u00e4\u00fdnekler, d\u00fcrli g\u00f6rn\u00fc\u015fli to\u00fdun<br \/>\n\u00e7yralar bar. Gap-ga\u00e7lary\u0148 bezeglerinde geometrik, \u00f6s\u00fcmlik nagy\u015flaryny, zoomorf<br \/>\nh\u00e4si\u00fdetli gu\u015flary\u0148 hem-de d\u00fcrli ha\u00fdwanlary\u0148 \u015fekilleri \u00e7ekilipdir. Olary\u0148 k\u00e4birleri<br \/>\ngo\u0148ur, sary, \u00fda\u015fyl re\u0148kler bilen bezelipdir. K\u00e4birlerini\u0148 bolsa \u00fderligi ak re\u0148kde<br \/>\nbolup, g\u00f6k re\u0148kli \u00f6s\u00fcmlik nagy\u015flary bilen g\u00fcr ha\u015famlanypdyr. Tabaklary\u0148 i\u00e7inde,<br \/>\nk\u00fc\u00fdzeleri\u0148 b\u00f6w\u00fcrlerinde d\u00fcrli g\u00f6rn\u00fc\u015fli hereketde duran gu\u015flary\u0148 \u015fekillerine hem<br \/>\ndu\u015f gelmek bol\u00fdar. K\u00e4bir tabaklardyr k\u00e4seleri\u0148 i\u00e7i go\u0148ur, sary, \u00fda\u015fyl re\u0148kli tekiz<br \/>\nsyr\u00e7a bilen tutu\u015f \u00f6rt\u00fclen. \u015ee\u00fdle g\u00f6rn\u00fc\u015fli gap-ga\u00e7lar megerem, orta asyrlary\u0148 gi\u00e7ki<br \/>\nd\u00f6w\u00fcrlerine degi\u015flidir.<br \/>\nAbiwerd galasyndan d\u00fcrli ha\u00fdwanjyklary\u0148, \u00fcsti e\u00fderlenen atlary\u0148, gu\u015flary\u0148,<br \/>\nadam sudurly he\u00fdkeljikleri\u0148 birn\u00e4\u00e7e g\u00f6rn\u00fc\u015fleri tapylypdyr. Bu bolsa \u015fol \u00fderde<br \/>\nhe\u00fdkeltara\u015flyk sungatyny\u0148 \u00f6sendigini g\u00f6rkez\u00fd\u00e4r. A\u00fdratynam ol \u00fderde metaldan<br \/>\n\u00fdasalan d\u00fcrli g\u00f6rn\u00fc\u015fli \u015fekilli bezegler, \u015fa\u00fd-sepler, te\u0148\u0148eler k\u00f6p du\u015f gelnipdir. Bu<br \/>\n\u00fderde haryt dolan\u015fygy, s\u00f6wda i\u015fleri \u00f6r\u00e4n \u00fcst\u00fcnlikli alynyp barylypdyr. Taryhy<\/p>\n<p>\u00e7e\u015fmelerden habar berli\u015fi \u00fdaly Abiwrtde iki sany uly s\u00f6wda merkezi-uly bazary<br \/>\nbolupdyr. Olary\u0148 biri \u015f\u00e4heri\u0148 g\u00fcnorta-g\u00fcndogarynda, be\u00fdlekisi demirgazyk-<br \/>\ng\u00fcnbatarynda \u00fderle\u015fipdir. \u015eol bazarlarda galla ekinlerini\u0148, k\u00fcnjini\u0148, \u00fd\u00fcpek we nah<br \/>\nmatalaryny\u0148, d\u00fcrli egin-e\u015fiklerini\u0148, \u015fa\u00fd-seplerini\u0148, \u00fdaraglaryny\u0148, keramiki we<br \/>\n\u00e7\u00fc\u00fd\u015fe \u00f6n\u00fcmlerini\u0148 \u015fe\u00fdle hem mal s\u00f6wdasyny\u0148 \u015fowhunly \u00fdola go\u00fdulandygyny orta<br \/>\nasyr sy\u00fdahat\u00e7ylary \u00f6z \u00fdazgylarynda be\u00fdan ed\u00fd\u00e4rler. \u015eu getirilen mysallardan \u00e7en<br \/>\ntutsak Abiwerd \u015f\u00e4herinde binag\u00e4r\u00e7ilik sungatyny\u0148, medeni\u00fdeti\u0148 hem-de halk \u00e7eper<br \/>\nmirasyny\u0148 \u00fdokary ussatlyk bilen \u00f6sendigini a\u00fdtmak bol\u00fdar.<br \/>\n\u00dd\u00f6neke\u00fdje k\u00fc\u00fdze b\u00f6legi. Emma bu k\u00fc\u00fdze b\u00f6leg abat wagty \u015fak\u00e4se<br \/>\ng\u00f6rn\u00fc\u015fde bolupdyr. Onu\u0148 i\u00e7ine bolsa, zerrin lybaslar bilen jullanan bedew aty\u0148<br \/>\nsuratyny \u00e7ekipdirler-de syr\u00e7alapdyrlar. Takmynan XII\u2013XIV asyr bilen senelen\u00fd\u00e4n<br \/>\nbu tapyndy ussany\u0148 bedew aty \u00e7ekmek i\u015fine \u015fe\u00fdle ussat bolandygyndan habar<br \/>\nber\u00fd\u00e4r, aslynda suratke\u015flik sungatynda aty\u0148 \u015fekilini \u00e7ekmek islendik be\u00fdleki janly-<br \/>\njandarlary\u0148 suratyny \u00e7ekmekden kyn hasaplanyl\u00fdar, seb\u00e4bi bedewi\u0148 ke\u015fbi k\u00e4mil<br \/>\nbedeni\u0148 nusgasydyr. \u015eol bir wagty\u0148 \u00f6z\u00fcnde bu tapyndy bedew atlary bez\u00e4p-<br \/>\nbeslemek i\u015fine n\u00e4derejede uly \u00e4hmi\u00fdet berlendigine \u015fa\u00fdatlyk ed\u00fd\u00e4r.<br \/>\nBe\u00fdleki bir tapyndy has hem gyzykly. E\u00fderlenen aty\u0148 \u00fcst\u00fcnde oturan<br \/>\noglanjygy\u0148 he\u00fdkeljigi. Bu o\u00fdnawajy\u0148 aja\u00fdyp manysy bardyr. Oglan bolsun \u00fda gyz<br \/>\n\u00e7aga bolsun, bu he\u00fdkeljik \u00e7aga-da ata bolan h\u00f6wes du\u00fdgusyny d\u00f6red\u00fd\u00e4r. At<br \/>\ng\u00f6wn\u00fc\u0148e ganatdyr. Bu o\u00fdnawajy o\u00fdna\u00fdan \u00e7aga &#8211; ertir at m\u00fcn\u00fcp bil\u00fd\u00e4n \u00fdigit bolup<br \/>\n\u00fdeti\u015fmeli. Hum k\u00fc\u00fdz\u00e4ni\u0148 b\u00f6leginde saklanyp galan bedew aty\u0148 hy\u00fdaly-\u00e7eper<br \/>\nke\u015fbi ata bolan s\u00f6\u00fdgini\u0148, \u00e4hli pursatlarda g\u00f6z \u00f6\u0148\u00fcnde tutulandygyndan habar<br \/>\nber\u00fd\u00e4r.<\/p>\n<p>T\u00fcrkmenistany\u0148 D\u00f6wlet \u00e7eper\u00e7ilik akademi\u00fdasy<br \/>\n\u00ddazmyradowa G\u00fcljemal \u201cSungaty \u00f6wreni\u015f\u201d kafedrasyny\u0148 5-nji \u00fdyl talyby<div id='gallery-1' class='gallery galleryid-4073 gallery-columns-3 gallery-size-thumbnail'><figure class='gallery-item'>\r\n\t\t\t<div class='gallery-icon landscape'>\r\n\t\t\t\t<a href='https:\/\/newsashgabat.com\/?attachment_id=4074'><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"150\" height=\"150\" src=\"https:\/\/newsashgabat.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/05\/16-150x150.jpg\" class=\"attachment-thumbnail size-thumbnail\" alt=\"\" \/><\/a>\r\n\t\t\t<\/div><\/figure><figure class='gallery-item'>\r\n\t\t\t<div class='gallery-icon landscape'>\r\n\t\t\t\t<a href='https:\/\/newsashgabat.com\/?attachment_id=4075'><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"150\" height=\"150\" src=\"https:\/\/newsashgabat.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/05\/17-150x150.jpg\" class=\"attachment-thumbnail size-thumbnail\" alt=\"\" \/><\/a>\r\n\t\t\t<\/div><\/figure><figure class='gallery-item'>\r\n\t\t\t<div class='gallery-icon portrait'>\r\n\t\t\t\t<a href='https:\/\/newsashgabat.com\/?attachment_id=4076'><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"150\" height=\"150\" src=\"https:\/\/newsashgabat.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/05\/\u0424\u0430\u0431\u0440\u0438\u043a\u0430-\u0424\u043e\u0440\u043c\u0430\u0442\u043e\u04323-150x150.jpg\" class=\"attachment-thumbnail size-thumbnail\" alt=\"\" \/><\/a>\r\n\t\t\t<\/div><\/figure><figure class='gallery-item'>\r\n\t\t\t<div class='gallery-icon landscape'>\r\n\t\t\t\t<a href='https:\/\/newsashgabat.com\/?attachment_id=4077'><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"150\" height=\"150\" src=\"https:\/\/newsashgabat.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/05\/\u0424\u0430\u0431\u0440\u0438\u043a\u0430-\u0424\u043e\u0440\u043c\u0430\u0442\u043e\u04324-150x150.jpg\" class=\"attachment-thumbnail size-thumbnail\" alt=\"\" \/><\/a>\r\n\t\t\t<\/div><\/figure><figure class='gallery-item'>\r\n\t\t\t<div class='gallery-icon portrait'>\r\n\t\t\t\t<a href='https:\/\/newsashgabat.com\/?attachment_id=4078'><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"150\" height=\"150\" src=\"https:\/\/newsashgabat.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/05\/\u0424\u0430\u0431\u0440\u0438\u043a\u0430-\u0424\u043e\u0440\u043c\u0430\u0442\u043e\u0432\u211615-Atly-adam-150x150.jpg\" class=\"attachment-thumbnail size-thumbnail\" alt=\"\" \/><\/a>\r\n\t\t\t<\/div><\/figure><figure class='gallery-item'>\r\n\t\t\t<div class='gallery-icon landscape'>\r\n\t\t\t\t<a href='https:\/\/newsashgabat.com\/?attachment_id=4079'><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"150\" height=\"150\" src=\"https:\/\/newsashgabat.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/05\/\u0424\u0430\u0431\u0440\u0438\u043a\u0430-\u0424\u043e\u0440\u043c\u0430\u0442\u043e\u0432\u2116187-Hy\u00fdaly-aty\u0148-\u00e7eper-ke\u015fbi-k\u00fc\u00fdze-b\u00f6legi-150x150.jpg\" class=\"attachment-thumbnail size-thumbnail\" alt=\"\" \/><\/a>\r\n\t\t\t<\/div><\/figure><figure class='gallery-item'>\r\n\t\t\t<div class='gallery-icon portrait'>\r\n\t\t\t\t<a href='https:\/\/newsashgabat.com\/?attachment_id=4080'><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"150\" height=\"150\" src=\"https:\/\/newsashgabat.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/05\/\u0424\u0430\u0431\u0440\u0438\u043a\u0430-\u0424\u043e\u0440\u043c\u0430\u0442\u043e\u0432\u2116324-I\u00e7-\u00fd\u00fcz\u00fcnde-aty\u0148-kellesi-\u015fekillendirilen-k\u00fc\u00fdze-b\u00f6legi-150x150.jpg\" class=\"attachment-thumbnail size-thumbnail\" alt=\"\" \/><\/a>\r\n\t\t\t<\/div><\/figure><figure class='gallery-item'>\r\n\t\t\t<div class='gallery-icon portrait'>\r\n\t\t\t\t<a href='https:\/\/newsashgabat.com\/?attachment_id=4081'><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"150\" height=\"150\" src=\"https:\/\/newsashgabat.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/05\/\u0424\u0430\u0431\u0440\u0438\u043a\u0430-\u0424\u043e\u0440\u043c\u0430\u0442\u043e\u0432\u2116417-M\u00fclkdary\u0148-m\u00f6h\u00fcri-150x150.jpg\" class=\"attachment-thumbnail size-thumbnail\" alt=\"\" \/><\/a>\r\n\t\t\t<\/div><\/figure>\r\n\t\t<\/div>\n<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Orta asyrlarda Horasany\u0148 me\u015fhur Abiwerd wela\u00fdaty G\u00fcnorta T\u00fcrkmenistany\u0148 dag eteklerinde h\u00e4zirki M\u00e4ne\u2013\u00c7\u00e4\u00e7e \u00fda\u00fdlalaryndan t\u00e4 Babadurmaz demir \u00fdol bekedini\u0148 sebitlerine \u00e7enli aralykda \u00fderle\u015fipdir. Amatly howa \u015fertleri, mes toprakly \u00fderler, \u00e7yl\u015fyrymly suw desgalaryny gurnamazdan emeli suwary\u015f \u00fc\u00e7in amatly suw \u00fcpj\u00fcn\u00e7iligini\u0148 bolmagy bu \u00fderlerde ekeran\u00e7ylyk hojalygyny\u0148 irki d\u00f6w\u00fcrlerde hem g\u00fc\u00fd\u00e7li \u00f6smegine getiripdir. \u00dcst\u00fcnden \u201cBe\u00fdik \u00dd\u00fcpek \u00fdoly\u201dge\u00e7en Abiwerd \u015f\u00e4heri [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":3,"featured_media":4077,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[10],"tags":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/newsashgabat.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/4073"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/newsashgabat.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/newsashgabat.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/newsashgabat.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/3"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/newsashgabat.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=4073"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/newsashgabat.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/4073\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":4082,"href":"https:\/\/newsashgabat.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/4073\/revisions\/4082"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/newsashgabat.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/media\/4077"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/newsashgabat.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=4073"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/newsashgabat.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=4073"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/newsashgabat.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=4073"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}