{"id":9963,"date":"2025-03-15T06:10:37","date_gmt":"2025-03-15T01:10:37","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/newashgabat.com\/?p=9963"},"modified":"2025-03-15T06:11:01","modified_gmt":"2025-03-15T01:11:01","slug":"ilkinji-kitaphanalaryn-taryhyndan","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/newsashgabat.com\/?p=9963","title":{"rendered":"Ilkinji kitaphanalary\u0148 taryhyndan"},"content":{"rendered":"

Alymlar gadymy Ur \u015f\u00e4herinde gazuw-agtary\u015f i\u015flerini ge\u00e7irenlerinde \u00fd\u00fczi
\n\u00fdazgyly to\u00fdundan \u00fdasalan \u00abkitaplary\u0148\u00bb \u00fcst\u00fcnden barypdyrlar. Olar bizi\u0148
\ne\u00fd\u00fdamymyzdan ozalky 800-nji \u00fdyla degi\u015flidir. Taryh\u00e7y alymlary\u0148 ge\u00e7iren
\nylmy-barlaglary netijesinde, bu gymmatly tapyndylar toplumyna ilkinji
\nkitaphanalar di\u00fdmek m\u00fcmkindir.
\nBizi\u0148 e\u00fd\u00fdamymyzdan ozalky 600-nji \u00fdylda Mesopotami\u00fdadaky
\nybadathanalarda we k\u00f6\u015fklerde \u00fd\u00f6rite gurnalan, \u00f6z\u00fcnde d\u00fcrli kitaplary jemle\u00fd\u00e4n
\nkitaphanalar bar eken. \u00dd\u00fczi \u00fdazgyly \u00fdasy to\u00fdun b\u00f6lekleri kitap h\u00f6km\u00fcnde
\nulanylypdyr. \u015ee\u00fdle \u00fdasy to\u00fdun b\u00f6leklerini\u0148 m\u00fc\u0148ler\u00e7esi ybadathanalarda we
\nk\u00f6\u015fklerde \u00f6z mowzuklary bo\u00fdun\u00e7a a\u00fdry-a\u00fdry \u00fdygnalyp go\u00fdlupdyr. Alymlar
\ne\u00fd\u00fd\u00e4m \u015fol d\u00f6w\u00fcrlerde ilkinji kitaphanalary\u0148 i\u015fini\u0148 \u00fdola go\u00fdlandygy barada
\ntekrarla\u00fdarlar.
\nGadymy m\u00fcs\u00fcrlileri\u0148 hem kitaphanalary bar eken. Olar ybadathanalarda
\nd\u00f6redilipdir. \u015eol kitaphanalara ruhanylar esewan bolupdyr. \u00dd\u00fczi \u00fdazgyly
\npapirusdan \u00fdasalan kitaplar togalanyp, bagjyk bilen a\u00e7ylmaz \u00fdaly da\u0148lan
\ng\u00f6rn\u00fc\u015fde bolupdyr. Gadymy d\u00f6w\u00fcrd\u00e4ki i\u0148 me\u015fhur kitaphana Aleksandri\u00fdada,
\nM\u00fcs\u00fcrde \u00fderle\u015fip, olar bizi\u0148 e\u00fd\u00fdamymyzdan ozalky 300-nji \u00fdylda d\u00f6redilipdir.
\nKitaphanada azyndan 700 000 sany d\u00fc\u00fdrlenen papirus \u00abkitaplary\u00bb saklanypdyr.
\nOlary\u0148 katalogy d\u00fcz\u00fclipdir, barysy tertiple\u015fdirilip, edil h\u00e4zirki d\u00f6wr\u00fc\u0148
\nkitaphanalaryndaky \u00fdaly rejeli go\u00fdlupdyr.
\nRimliler ilkibada kitaphanalar bilen on\u00e7akly gyzyklanmandyr. \u00dd\u00f6ne
\ngrekler bu babatda olara t\u00e4sirini \u00fdetiripdirler. \u015ee\u00fdlelikde, rimliler k\u00f6p\u00e7\u00fclikle\u00fdin
\nkitaphanalary\u0148 ulgamyny d\u00f6redipdirler. Rimi\u0148 barly adamlary ilat \u00fc\u00e7in el\u00fdeterli
\nkitaphanalary d\u00f6redip, bilimi\u0148 \u00f6smegine \u00f6z go\u015fantlaryny go\u015fupdyrlar.
\nRimlileri\u0148 irki d\u00f6w\u00fcrd\u00e4ki kitaphanalaryny\u0148 k\u00f6p\u00fcsi \u00fdygnany\u015fyklary\u0148 ge\u00e7iril\u00fd\u00e4n
\n\u00fderlerinde \u00fderle\u015fipdir. IV asyrda Rimde 28 sany k\u00f6p\u00e7\u00fclikle\u00fdin kitaphana bar
\neken. Wagty\u0148 ge\u00e7megi bilen olary\u0148 k\u00f6p\u00fcsi \u00fdangynlarda, tala\u0148\u00e7ylyklarda, \u00e7yg
\n\u00e7ekmeden we\u00fdran bolupdyr.
\nT\u00fcrkmenistany\u0148 \u00e7\u00e4ginde Nusa\u00fd \u015falygyndaky, K\u00f6ne\u00fcrgen\u00e7d\u00e4ki,
\nAmuldaky, Dehistandaky, \u015fe\u00fdle hem Gadymy Merwd\u00e4ki iri kitaphanalar hem
\nd\u00fcn\u00fd\u00e4 belli bolupdyr. Bu kitaphanalarda d\u00fcrli mowzukly kitaplary\u0148 m\u00fc\u0148ler\u00e7esi
\n\u00fderle\u015fip, d\u00fcn\u00fd\u00e4ni\u0148 alymlarynda uly gyzyklanma d\u00f6redipdir. Hormatly
\nPrezidentimizi\u0148 \u00abT\u00fcrkmenistan \u2014 Be\u00fdik \u00dd\u00fcpek \u00fdoluny\u0148 \u00fd\u00fcregi\u00bb atly birinji
\nkitabynda: \u00abMerw kitaphanalary barada me\u015fhur arap alymy \u00ddakudy\u0148: \u00abMen
\nMerwden \u00e7ykyp ga\u00fddanymda bu \u00fderde uly kitaphanalary\u0148 10 sanysy bardy.
\nMen b\u00fctin d\u00fcn\u00fd\u00e4ni a\u00fdlanyp, \u015fular \u00fdaly ba\u00fd hem aja\u00fdyp kitaphanalary
\ng\u00f6rmedim\u2026 Meni\u0148 ol kitaplara bolan s\u00f6\u00fdgim \u00e4hli \u015f\u00e4herleri \u00fdatdan \u00e7ykarmaga
\nmejbur etdi. Olar meni\u0148 \u00fcns\u00fcmi, hatda ma\u015fgalamdan we \u00e7agalarymdan hem
\nkes\u00e4 sow\u00fdardy\u00bb di\u00fden \u00fdatlamalaryny mysal getirmek isle\u00fd\u00e4rin\u00bb di\u00fdilmegi hem<\/p>\n

d\u00fcrli \u00fdurtlary\u0148 alymlaryny\u0148 ata Watanymyzdaky kitaphanalara \u00fdokary baha
\nberendigi barada a\u00fddyl\u00fdar.
\nK\u00f6p\u00e7\u00fclikle\u00fdin kitaphanalar h\u00e4zirki g\u00f6rn\u00fc\u015fde XIX asyrda Angli\u00fdada
\npe\u00fdda bolupdyr. I\u0148lis parlamentini\u0148 karary bilen 1850-nji \u00fdylda k\u00f6p\u00e7\u00fclikle\u00fdin
\nkitaphanalary a\u00e7maga ygty\u00fdar berlipdir. H\u00e4zirki d\u00f6w\u00fcrde k\u00f6p\u00e7\u00fclikle\u00fdin
\nkitaphanalara jemgy\u00fdet\u00e7iligi\u0148 \u00f6s\u00fc\u015fini\u0148 esasy h\u00f6km\u00fcnde garal\u00fdar.<\/p>\n

\n
\n
\n
Huda\u00fdbergenowa Elmira,<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n
\n
Da\u015foguz \u015f\u00e4herini\u0148 da\u015fary \u00fdurt dillerine \u00fd\u00f6ritele\u015fdirilen 27-nji orta mekdebini\u0148 biologi\u00fda mugallymy.<\/em><\/strong><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n

<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Alymlar gadymy Ur \u015f\u00e4herinde gazuw-agtary\u015f i\u015flerini ge\u00e7irenlerinde \u00fd\u00fczi \u00fdazgyly to\u00fdundan \u00fdasalan \u00abkitaplary\u0148\u00bb \u00fcst\u00fcnden barypdyrlar. Olar bizi\u0148 e\u00fd\u00fdamymyzdan ozalky 800-nji \u00fdyla degi\u015flidir. Taryh\u00e7y alymlary\u0148 ge\u00e7iren ylmy-barlaglary netijesinde, bu gymmatly tapyndylar toplumyna ilkinji kitaphanalar di\u00fdmek m\u00fcmkindir. Bizi\u0148 e\u00fd\u00fdamymyzdan ozalky 600-nji \u00fdylda Mesopotami\u00fdadaky ybadathanalarda we k\u00f6\u015fklerde \u00fd\u00f6rite gurnalan, \u00f6z\u00fcnde d\u00fcrli kitaplary jemle\u00fd\u00e4n kitaphanalar bar eken. \u00dd\u00fczi \u00fdazgyly \u00fdasy […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":3,"featured_media":10053,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[4,10],"tags":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/newsashgabat.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/9963"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/newsashgabat.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/newsashgabat.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/newsashgabat.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/3"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/newsashgabat.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=9963"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/newsashgabat.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/9963\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":9964,"href":"https:\/\/newsashgabat.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/9963\/revisions\/9964"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/newsashgabat.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/media\/10053"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/newsashgabat.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=9963"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/newsashgabat.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=9963"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/newsashgabat.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=9963"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}